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礦山水倉清淤機(jī)工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)-展示頁

2025-08-05 04:29本頁面
  

【正文】 mm以上的顆粒狀雜物分級篩選出來進(jìn)行處理。以下列舉兩種較為新型的、試運(yùn)行效果較佳的技術(shù)為例。努力提高這項(xiàng)工作的效率,提高機(jī)械化水平,發(fā)展自動(dòng)化技術(shù),以便降低人的工作強(qiáng)度,同時(shí)增加安全保障和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,保護(hù)環(huán)境。經(jīng)過長期生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐,通過對水倉淤泥特點(diǎn)的觀察研究,涉及的一種新型先進(jìn)的清淤系統(tǒng)能夠比較好地解決上述難題。其缺點(diǎn)是細(xì)小的淤泥返回水倉,無法將淤泥徹底清理[711]。另外該清理水倉方式還存在使用設(shè)備較多。這種方式是將脫水設(shè)備和罐籠放置在水倉進(jìn)口處,其清倉流程是:污泥泵→抽排設(shè)備→過濾緩沖器→加壓設(shè)備→脫水設(shè)備→裝罐籠。這種方式提高了作業(yè)效率,降低了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,但由于裝罐過程不連續(xù),操縱繁雜等問題未能很好解決,故企業(yè)并不很多。該方案從理論上將是比較先進(jìn)的,但該系統(tǒng)投資較大,可靠性較差,維護(hù)費(fèi)用高。清理過程為:人工裝罐(礦車)→移罐→絞車?yán)胫飨锏馈本嵘恋孛妫话阈枰?名工人用鐵鍬裝罐,裝滿后再由2~3人移罐。匯總目前國內(nèi)外清理水倉的方法主要有以下幾種:①人工清理。每個(gè)水平的掘進(jìn)和采煤等工作面涌出的污水 由潛水泵抽出,通過一系列的明渠、暗道,污水挾裹著煤泥等雜質(zhì)污垢流入所在水平的水倉。這也是對本課題進(jìn)行立項(xiàng)研究的背景和意義前景。該課題源于目前企業(yè)的實(shí)際情況提出,且需求量大。以前的各種清倉方式和設(shè)備存在著工期長、效率低,或是費(fèi)用高、維護(hù)困難等不同缺點(diǎn)。礦山水倉清理的機(jī)械化是眾多礦山企業(yè)多年來一直未能很好解決的難題。由于煤粉及雜質(zhì)不斷沉積,水倉被淤泥裝滿后必須及時(shí)的清理,否則會影響礦井的正常排水,甚至導(dǎo)致淹井等重大事故。 本論文通過對國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀的分析、方案設(shè)計(jì)、工作裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)以及零部件的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算等多方面闡述了該新型工作裝置的創(chuàng)新。在該課題中所研制的礦山清淤機(jī)應(yīng)當(dāng)具有以下主要特點(diǎn):(1)體積小,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,機(jī)動(dòng)靈活可實(shí)現(xiàn)原地轉(zhuǎn)向,特別適用井下狹小空間里作業(yè);(2)工作裝置可以相對車身進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn),本身不動(dòng)的情況下也同樣可以鏟泥工作;(3)該工作裝置應(yīng)該具有通用性,改型容易;(4)該工作裝置應(yīng)該實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)式的裝載要求,切實(shí)提高井下的工作效率和安全可靠性。全國有近萬家礦山開采企業(yè),該課題的研究對提高清理水倉效率、降低工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度意義重大,也擁有廣闊的市場和應(yīng)用前景。所以研制一種全新的、高效可靠的、符合井下工作要求的水倉清理工作裝置具有非常重要和長遠(yuǎn)的意義。隨著煤炭工業(yè)的機(jī)械化、自動(dòng)化水平的不斷提高,實(shí)現(xiàn)礦山水倉清淤的機(jī)械化已經(jīng)是擺在礦山企業(yè)面前急需解決的問題。這也是本課題中所要研究開發(fā)的清淤機(jī)的功用所在。浙江科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)礦山水倉清淤機(jī)工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)摘要:水倉是井下同一水平處水的流經(jīng)通道,同時(shí)還肩負(fù)著沉淀水中的煤粉及雜質(zhì)的作用,其出口處的清水由水泵排至地面。由于煤粉及雜質(zhì)不斷沉積,水倉被淤泥裝滿后必須及時(shí)的清理,否則會影響礦井的正常排水,甚至導(dǎo)致淹井等重大事故。礦山水倉清理的機(jī)械化是眾多礦山企業(yè)多年來一直未能很好解決的難題。以前的各種清倉方式和設(shè)備存在著工期長、效率低,或是費(fèi)用高、維護(hù)困難等不同缺點(diǎn)。該課題源于目前企業(yè)的實(shí)際情況提出,且需求量大。本論文介紹了該新型礦山清淤機(jī)的工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)思路與過程。根據(jù)上述的功能要求,本文作者在查閱了許多相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料并分析比較了國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有對水倉清理技術(shù)的研究的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)上,確定了該工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)方案并進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)鍵詞:清淤機(jī);工作裝置;圓環(huán)鏈;連續(xù)裝載Abstract:Underground sump is the channel where the water flows through under the mine well. And it should precipitate the coal and impurities in water at the same time, and the clean water is drained off through the pumps. Because the continuous precipitation of the coal and impurities, the storage must be cleaned in time after being filled with the sludge, otherwise it may affect the normal mine drainage, and may even lead to the big incidents as drown the well. This is the issue in which the research of the clean mud machine’s functions lie.The mechanization of the clean machine used in the mine sumps is the problem which many mining enterprises have failed to properly resolve. With the level of mechanization and automation in mining industry improved, the sump’s cleaning is mechanized has been placed before the mining enterprises which need to solve. The previous clearing methods and equipment exists many different disadvantages, such as long period, inefficient, or the high cost and difficulty of maintenance. Therefore, it is very important and longtem significant that to develop a new sump cleaning machine, which is highly efficient and reliable, and underground work in line with the requirements. This issue stems from the actual situation and it has high demand. There are approximately 10000 mining enterprises, the research of the task has great significance in improving the efficiency of cleaning the sump and reducing labor intensity. But it has a vast market and application prospects.This text introduced the new mine clearing machine’s working equipment and its design thinking and process. The new working equipment developed in this subject should have the following main characteristics:1) Small size, pact structure and flexibility to change direction in the original place, particularly suitable for the underground work in the small well.2) The working equipment can relatively rotate pared to the machine body, and it also can spade soil when it doesn’t move.3) The equipment should be mon used, and easy to be modified.4) The equipment should meet requirements of continuous loading, and improving the efficiency of underground work, safety and reliability.According to the above function requirements, the author turns to many relevant references, pares and analyses the differences of the existing domestic and international researches about sump cleaning technology. Based on the parison, the researcher determines the design program of this new working equipment and does the relevant structural design.The thesis interprets this new equipment’s innovations by analyzing the present situation, doing the program design and the structural design and designing ponents and the relevant calculation.Keywords: mud cleaning machine;working equipment;ring chain;continuous loading第一章 緒 論 引言水倉是井下同一水平處水的流經(jīng)通道,同時(shí)還肩負(fù)著沉淀水中的煤粉及雜質(zhì)的作用,其出口處的清水由水泵排至地面。這也是本課題中所要研究開發(fā)的清淤機(jī)的功用所在。隨著礦山機(jī)械化、自動(dòng)化水平的不斷提高,實(shí)現(xiàn)礦山水倉清淤的機(jī)械化已經(jīng)是擺在礦山企業(yè)面前急需解決的問題。所以研制一種全新的、高效可靠的、符合井下工作要求的水倉清理工作裝置具有非常重要和長遠(yuǎn)的意義。全國有近萬家礦山開采企業(yè),該課題的研究對提高清理水倉效率、降低工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度意義重大,也擁有廣闊的市場和應(yīng)用前景。 水倉清理技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀一般情況下,礦井的每個(gè)水平必須設(shè)置兩個(gè)水倉,分為內(nèi)環(huán)和外環(huán),長度在 300—1000m左右。通常情況下水倉每年清挖一次 ,但涌水較大的礦井或水平 ,則須清挖 2~3次 ,以保證生產(chǎn)的需要。這是全國目前絕大多數(shù)礦井采用的清理方式。由于作業(yè)環(huán)境惡劣,工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大,作業(yè)效率低;②采用排污泵及管道直接將泥漿從井下排至地面。③微型裝載機(jī)清倉。④污泥泵—脫水設(shè)備清倉。在清倉過程中,需要不斷向被清水倉內(nèi)注水,同時(shí)隨著清理距離延長,要不時(shí)地更換管道長度。⑤振動(dòng)篩清淤法,用振動(dòng)篩將淤泥分級,將顆粒較大的雜物篩出后裝入礦車,余下的煤泥水進(jìn)入排水系統(tǒng)。在上述幾種傳統(tǒng)的清淤方法中,存在的突出問題:(1) 糊狀淤泥清理不徹底;(2)淤泥中水含量大,不便運(yùn)輸;(3)顆粒較大的淤泥無法用柱塞泵排至地面;(4)環(huán)境污染問題。 新型清倉技術(shù)的發(fā)展如前所述,現(xiàn)有各種水倉清理技術(shù)存在不同的難以克服的缺點(diǎn),各礦山企業(yè)和研究機(jī)構(gòu)均在這一方面投入了相關(guān)的關(guān)注,投以時(shí)間和資金研究開發(fā)新型的高效的機(jī)械或系統(tǒng)。經(jīng)過不協(xié)地努力,各研究小組都取得
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