【正文】 現(xiàn)代社會中，溫度控制不僅應(yīng)用在工廠生產(chǎn)方面，其作用也體現(xiàn)到了各個方面。關(guān)鍵詞：AT89C51 單片機,A/DC0809,8279，AD590，電冰箱的電控系統(tǒng)。經(jīng)過實踐證明，經(jīng)過反復(fù)的模擬運行、調(diào)試，修改，最后形成了一套完整的程序系統(tǒng)。通過 AD590 溫度傳感器對冷藏室溫度,冷凍室溫度進行檢測，并將產(chǎn)生的模擬信號，通過 ADC0809 進行A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換送入單片機；對霜厚度則通過熱敏電阻進行溫度檢測后產(chǎn)生中斷信號送入單片機。傳統(tǒng)的機械式、簡單的電子控制已經(jīng)難以滿足發(fā)展要求。系統(tǒng)擴展 LED 顯示器，顯示動態(tài)的冷凍室溫度和冷藏室溫度；系統(tǒng)擴展了多個功能鍵，通過功能鍵可人為改變控制設(shè)定值從而滿足不同用戶的不同需要。信號經(jīng)單片機的控制運算處理，產(chǎn)生控制信號并輸出控制壓縮機、加熱器的啟動與停止。溫度測量部分以模擬電路為主，配合電壓比較模塊、A/D 轉(zhuǎn)化模塊，在誤差允許范圍內(nèi)測量溫度值，并進行比較 ,產(chǎn)生電壓信號。 本課題設(shè)計的電冰箱的電控系統(tǒng)主要應(yīng)用 AT89C51 單片機作為核心控制元件進行分析和設(shè)計，對各部分的軟件編程、硬件電路設(shè)計、及調(diào)試進行了介紹。目 錄摘要 ....................................................................IIIABSTRACT.................................................................IV1 緒論 ....................................................................1 論文研究的背景和意義 ................................................1 電冰箱電控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ............................................2 論文主要設(shè)計內(nèi)容 ....................................................22 總體設(shè)計方案 ............................................................4 總體設(shè)計方案簡介 ....................................................4 電冰箱電控系統(tǒng)的主要功能和要求 ......................................53 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 ............................................................6 AT89C51 單片機最小系統(tǒng) ...............................................6 AT89 系列單片機的概況 ............................................6 時鐘電路.........................................................9 復(fù)位電路........................................................10 單片機系統(tǒng)電源設(shè)計..............................................12 霜厚檢測電路 .......................................................14 熱敏電阻簡介....................................................14 運算放大器 LM324................................................15 霜厚檢測電路....................................................16 冷凍室冷藏室溫度檢測采樣電路 .......................................17 溫度傳感器 AD590................................................17 ADC0809 簡介....................................................18 冷凍室溫度采樣電路圖............................................20 冷藏室溫度采樣電路圖............................................20 冷凍室冷藏室溫度檢測采樣原理....................................21 過欠壓保護電路..................................................21 ADC0809 與 AT89C51 接口設(shè)計 ..........................................22 地址鎖存器 74LS373..............................................22 ADC0809 與 AT89C51 的接口電路 ....................................23 制冷與除霜控制電路 .................................................24 鎖存器 74LS273..................................................24 驅(qū)動控制電路的設(shè)計..............................................25 開門報警電路 .......................................................26 鍵盤顯示電路 .......................................................26 接口芯片 8279 簡介...............................................26 LED 簡介 ........................................................28 鍵盤顯示電路設(shè)計................................................294 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ...........................................................31 系統(tǒng)主程序 .........................................................31 T0 中斷服務(wù)程序 .....................................................32 T1 中斷服務(wù)程序 .....................................................33 INT0 中斷服務(wù)程序 ...................................................335 結(jié)論 ...................................................................35參考文獻 .................................................................36致謝 .....................................................................37摘 要單片機即單片微型計算機（SingleChip Microputer ），是集 CPU,RAM,ROM,定時，計數(shù)和多種接口于一體的微控制器。其中 51 單片機是各種單片機中最為典型和最有代表性的一種,廣泛應(yīng)用于各個領(lǐng)域。本系統(tǒng)分溫度測量和信號產(chǎn)生輸出兩大部分。信號經(jīng) A/DC0809 進行 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換，進入 AT89C51 單片機。此外，該系統(tǒng)可通過專用鍵盤接口芯片 8279 進行溫度的設(shè)定及顯示。近年來，隨著微電子技術(shù)、傳感器技術(shù)以及計算機控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們對電冰箱的控制功能要求越來越高，這對電冰箱控制器提出了更高的要求，多功能、人性化和節(jié)能是其發(fā)展方向。為此，本文介紹了采用 AT89C51 單片機作為控制器核心，對電冰箱的工作過程進行控制，并用聲音將電冰箱的一些工作過程進行提示，使控制過程更人性化。溫度檢測信號經(jīng)單片機處理后用語調(diào)節(jié)壓縮機和加熱器的工作，滿足消費者對溫度的設(shè)置要求，實現(xiàn)自動除霜功能。本系統(tǒng)運行穩(wěn)定，其優(yōu)點是硬件電路簡單，軟件功能完善，控制系統(tǒng)可靠，性價比較高等，具有一定的實用和參考價值。AbstractSCM is microputer (SingleChip Microputer) which is a set of CPU, RAM, ROM, the timing, number and variety of integrated microcontroller interface. The 51 microprocessor which is quite typical and representative is widely used in various fields. The main topics designed by chip – microputer AT89C51 finish the function of controlling the fridge. This paper introduces the electric refrigerator’s electrically controlled system, including software, hardware design, and missioning the problems encountered in design as well as solutions.The system is dissolved into temperature measurement and signal output two most voltage measurement parts in the main circuit simulation, and tie parative module, A/D conversion module. Surplus microprocessor through data processing, in the range of allowable error temperature measurements shows and generates voltage signal. Signal input is sent into A/DC0809 for A/D conversion. Then the signal after conversion enters AT89C51 microprocessor ． The output that has been dealt with is used to control the run and stop of pressor and heater. In addition ，this system can fulfill the function of successive temperature setting by 8279 ,a chip used to control keyboard and show. The design extends LED display, which displays the dynamic environmental temperature and extends a few functional keys that a user can input the appropriate temperature parameter for the special need. In these years, with the development of microprocessors and sensor, the demand of function of fridge is being higher and higher. Users need it has many functions, personallike interface and little waste of power. However, the traditional fridge can not finish all the functions. As a result, this paper introduces the system which uses AT89C51 as the center of the control system, having sound system to remind users. The 51puter gets the temperature parameter from the integration temperature sensor and the ADC0809 that transforms the ana