【正文】 信口，需通過 RS485 總線通信將報警區(qū)域的地址傳送到小區(qū)監(jiān)控中心的 PC 機(jī)上，監(jiān)控中心可以及時的發(fā)現(xiàn)報警的具體地點，進(jìn)行警情的處理。32 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計思路本系統(tǒng)由五路熱釋電紅外探測器采集五路（門、窗、陽臺等報警監(jiān)測點）報警信號，將報警信號送入 89C51 控制芯片，觸發(fā)聲光報警，并通過串口通信將報警信號傳給小區(qū)警衛(wèi)，進(jìn)行警情處理從而實現(xiàn)家庭用防盜報警系統(tǒng)的功能。(3)系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)功能。用戶終端完成信息采集、處理、數(shù)據(jù)傳送、功能設(shè)定、本地報警等功能。模塊劃分為數(shù)據(jù)采集、鍵盤控制、報警等模塊子函數(shù)。因此，小區(qū)安全防范系統(tǒng)建設(shè)已逐漸納入許多小區(qū)建設(shè)的必備項目中。所以作為新一代的智能安全防盜報警器系統(tǒng)就應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，并日益受到廣泛的重視和運(yùn)用。 防盜報警器的發(fā)展前景與趨勢隨著社會的發(fā)展，農(nóng)村城鎮(zhèn)化和人員流動性增大，社會治安狀況更趨復(fù)雜，因此作為社會的基本單元“安全防范問題就顯得尤為重要。其具有以下特點，值得我們借鑒。從以上過程來看，報警行業(yè)的發(fā)展是以工業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展為基礎(chǔ)的，只有具備良好的通信手段，才能夠把各地的報警信息匯聚到相應(yīng)的權(quán)威部門，然后由權(quán)威部門負(fù)責(zé)分配有限的警力來幫助到所有的社會個體。隨后，由于通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展，提供遠(yuǎn)程通信服務(wù)的電報公司加入到這個行業(yè)中，從而使得報警信息可以通達(dá)到更遠(yuǎn)的地方；不過，這種電報方式畢竟難以普及，所以稍后出現(xiàn)的電話理所當(dāng)然地成為報警通訊的主要手段。 防盜報警系統(tǒng)在國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展從上世紀(jì)初，報警系統(tǒng)就已經(jīng)在北美稍具雛形。關(guān)鍵詞：安防報警，紅外探測，RS485 通信，聲光報警IIINTELLIGENT COMMUNITY ALARM SYSTEMABSTRACTWith the rapid development of munication technique and great improvement of people’s living standard, the need has been changed from only the living space to multiform needs of quality, function, service and so on. At the same time, as the increasing of protecting awareness, security measures have gradually been put on the agenda. Antitheft alarm system came into being. A kind of intelligent infrared antitheft alarm system is designed for residential area. In order to meet the security needs of daily life, this system with various function modules cores with microcontroller 89C51. This system used Pyroelectric infrared sensor，it also has some advantages such as easy making, low cost, convenient installation, strong antiinterference ability, high sensitivity, and a more hidden installation and difficult to found. This system includes infrared detecting circuit, LCD control circuit, sound and light alarm circuit and MCU control circuit. Automatic detection can be pleted by infrared detecting circuit. When theft is detected, the signal produced by infrared sensor will be transmitted to the signal processing module, and then this circuit sends the signal received to the main circuit which will judge it and drive the alarm module. Alarm function is realized by audible devices such as speaker, buzzer, etc., and it can be transmitted to subdistrict guardhouse through RS485 munications alerting. This system detects the infrared signal of human body by infrared sensor, so it has the alarming function. This system meets the need of antitheft and alarm in people’s daily live.KEYWORDS：antitheft and alarm, infrared detecting, RS485 munication, sound and light alarmi目錄摘要 ................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................II1 緒論 ...........................................................................................................................1 前言 ................................................................................................................1 防盜報警系統(tǒng)在國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展 ....................................................................1 防盜報警器的發(fā)展前景與趨勢 ....................................................................1 設(shè)計任務(wù)與要求 ............................................................................................22 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計 ...........................................................................................................3 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計思路 ........................................................................................3 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計 ................................................................................................3 傳感器簡介 ....................................................................................................4 熱釋電紅外傳感器簡介 .....................................................................4 熱釋電紅外傳感器電路圖 .................................................................5 被動式熱釋電紅外探頭的工作原理及特性 .....................................5 51 系列單片機(jī)的內(nèi)部組成 ...........................................................................6 89C51 單片機(jī)的內(nèi)部組成 ..................................................................7 89C51 單片機(jī)引腳及功能 ..................................................................7 RS485 接口 .....................................................................................................93 硬件設(shè)計 .................................................................................................................10 電源電路設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................10 熱釋電紅外傳感器原理 ..............................................................................11 放大電路的設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................11 紅外探測信號輸入電路 ..............................................................................12 鍵盤電路設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................14 時鐘電路的設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................14 復(fù)位電路的設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................15 聲光報警電路的設(shè)計 ..................................................................................15 實時時鐘電路 ..............................................................................................16 實時時鐘芯片 DS1302 的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 .....................................16 引腳功能及結(jié)構(gòu) ...............................................................................16 液晶顯示模塊設(shè)計 ....................................................................................17 12864 模塊引腳說明 ......................................................................17ii 接口時序 .........................................................................................18 RS485