【正文】 算機(jī)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，人們開(kāi)始借助計(jì)算機(jī)的強(qiáng)大功能對(duì)應(yīng)力儀采集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理和分析。例如，華東電子儀器廠的YJS14型靜態(tài)數(shù)字應(yīng)力儀，測(cè)量橋路信號(hào)通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)換器切換后，送到Y(jié)JS14應(yīng)力儀，應(yīng)力儀對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行放大，再通過(guò)雙積分型AD轉(zhuǎn)換器轉(zhuǎn)換為8421碼數(shù)字，再通過(guò)外配的數(shù)字打字機(jī)打印記錄，或者外接PZ5直流數(shù)字電壓表進(jìn)行數(shù)字顯示[10]。通過(guò)增加A/D模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)直接用數(shù)字顯示應(yīng)變值，其結(jié)果可用打印機(jī)記錄、數(shù)字顯示，比人工讀數(shù)和記錄更便捷，大大提高了效率。216。該階段的應(yīng)力儀速度較慢，工作效率也低。那時(shí)的應(yīng)力儀體積笨重，設(shè)備不穩(wěn)定，并且只能進(jìn)行單點(diǎn)測(cè)量，不能夠?qū)嶋H的應(yīng)用到錨桿測(cè)量中去。有關(guān)應(yīng)力儀的設(shè)計(jì)在文獻(xiàn)中出現(xiàn)比較早的是于1957年在《同濟(jì)學(xué)報(bào)》上由胡雨人發(fā)表的《電阻應(yīng)變儀》的文章，那時(shí)的電阻應(yīng)力儀由應(yīng)變片、電橋和放大器組成。216。電阻應(yīng)力儀是把結(jié)構(gòu)或彈性體的應(yīng)變轉(zhuǎn)換為電阻變化而進(jìn)行測(cè)量的，應(yīng)用到井下錨桿檢測(cè)時(shí)電阻變化是非常小的，因此，必須在電路加以放大后才能測(cè)量，專門(mén)用于測(cè)量錨桿應(yīng)變的儀器設(shè)置，被稱為電阻應(yīng)變錨桿檢測(cè)應(yīng)力儀。錨桿拉拔計(jì)作為一種比較傳統(tǒng)的錨桿檢測(cè)應(yīng)力儀由于在實(shí)際使用時(shí)會(huì)破壞支護(hù)錨桿，以及抽檢的樣本數(shù)十分有限，檢測(cè)面小難免會(huì)偏概全，逐漸被無(wú)損的檢測(cè)方法所替代。綜上，在錨桿支護(hù)的錨固工程中，避免結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生事故，延長(zhǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的使用壽命，提高結(jié)構(gòu)的可靠性、安全性，對(duì)錨桿錨固質(zhì)量的檢測(cè)研究成為一項(xiàng)十分必要和迫切的任務(wù)。錨桿監(jiān)測(cè)的意義在于：1. 監(jiān)控錨桿支護(hù)的施工質(zhì)量，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)施工隱患，隨時(shí)觀測(cè)巷道圍巖活動(dòng)情況，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)異常，可及時(shí)采取措施，確保施工安全生產(chǎn)；2. 錨桿支護(hù)是一項(xiàng)隱蔽性工程。這些正是由于未能及時(shí)有效的檢測(cè)到錨固的失效而導(dǎo)致的災(zāi)難性后果。重大工程結(jié)構(gòu)中埋設(shè)的錨桿如果存在的內(nèi)部缺陷，往往具有很大的危險(xiǎn)性，會(huì)使整座建筑物倒塌，造成巨大的損失[6]。由于回采巷道圍巖的蠕變作用，巷道圍巖內(nèi)部的破壞和塑性范圍會(huì)逐漸加大，該范圍內(nèi)的圍巖強(qiáng)度大大降低(低圍壓或零圍壓狀態(tài))，從而使巷道處于不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。煤巷中約有2/3巷道可以用錨桿。據(jù)1994年統(tǒng)計(jì)，我國(guó)有重點(diǎn)煤礦年掘進(jìn)5230公里。由于錨桿技術(shù)具有運(yùn)輸施工方便、效率高，有利于加快施工進(jìn)度，施工成本低、支護(hù)效果好、施工噪音小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在實(shí)踐中被證明是一種行之有效的錨固支護(hù)技術(shù)，目前被廣泛應(yīng)用于礦山井巷[4][5]。在這種情況下可采用錨桿支護(hù)技術(shù)。data processing目 錄摘 要 I目 錄 III1緒論 1 1 2 4 4 42 測(cè)力儀的測(cè)量原理 6 6 測(cè)量電橋原理 73 系統(tǒng)方案選型 10 系統(tǒng)方案的選型 10 11 11 14 15 uClinux特點(diǎn)介紹 16 軟件設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 194 硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 20 21 電源模塊 21 復(fù)位電路 22 存儲(chǔ)器擴(kuò)展 22 系統(tǒng)時(shí)鐘電路 26 JTAG接口電路 26 串口電路 27 27 A/D采樣模塊 27 USB模塊 32 LCD顯示模塊 33 觸摸屏模塊 345 uClinux平臺(tái)的構(gòu)建和軟件設(shè)計(jì) 36 uClinux設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)的構(gòu)建 36 構(gòu)建宿主機(jī)交叉編譯環(huán)境 36 移植BootLoader 39 uClinux內(nèi)核移植 42 文件系統(tǒng)的移植 46 數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊設(shè)計(jì) 47 USB模塊設(shè)計(jì) 50 人機(jī)交互模塊 54 圖形用戶接口（GUI）開(kāi)發(fā)工具 54 硬件驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的設(shè)計(jì) 56 數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件的設(shè)計(jì) 59 應(yīng)用程序的主程序 60 采樣模塊 61 繪圖模塊 62 數(shù)據(jù)保存模塊 63 軟鍵盤(pán)模塊 64 數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析 656 總結(jié)與展望 71 研究總結(jié) 71 工作展望 71參考文獻(xiàn) 73作者簡(jiǎn)歷 76學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明 77學(xué)位論文數(shù)據(jù)集 78Table of ContentsAbstract IITable of Contents V1 Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Present Situation and Deficiency of Bolt detector 2 Purpose and Significance of Research 4 Work of Paper 4 Structure of Paper 42 Measuring Principle of Dynamometer 6 Theory of Resistance Strain Gauge 6 Theory of Measuring Bridge 73 Selection of System Scheme 10 System Scheme selection 10 Overall Structure and Selection of Hardware 11 Selection of Processor 11 Key Technology of Hardware Design 14 Selection of Operating System 15 Introduction of uClinux 16 Composition Structure of uClinux 194 Hardware Circuit Design 20 Design of Minimum System 21 Power Module 21 Reset Circuit 22 Memory Expansion 22 System Clock Circuit 26 JTAG Interface Circuit 26 Serial Interface Circuit 27 Design of System Functional Circuit 27 A/D Module 27 USB Module 32 LCD Display Module 33 Touch Screen Module 345 Platform Construction of uClinux and Software Design 36 Platform Construction of uClinux 36 Constructing of the host crosspile development environment 36 Transplant of BootLoader 39 Transplant of uClinux Kernel 42 Transplant of File System 46 Design of Data Acquisition 47 Design of USB Module 50 Manmachine Interaction 54 Development Tool of GUI 54 Driver of Hardware 56 Data Processing Software Design 59 Main Program of Application 60 Sampling Setting Module 61 Drawing Module 62 Data Storage Module 63 Soft Keyboard Module 64 Data Processing and Analyse 656 Summary and Prospect 71 Summary 71 Prospect 71References 73Author Resume 76Declaration of thesis originality 77Dissertation Date Collection 78771 緒論1緒論1 Introduction(Introduction)保障礦井的安全性對(duì)煤礦生產(chǎn)有著重要的作用，但是在巷道開(kāi)掘后，原來(lái)處于平衡狀態(tài)的圍巖應(yīng)力受到破壞而產(chǎn)生應(yīng)力集中并重新分布[1]。uClinux。s measure principle and the mastering of Embedded Technology, the article proposes the research and design of bolt detector based on embedded system. Considering the function demand, the whole scheme of the system was ascertained. The key points of this dissertation can be divided into three parts, the design and implementation of hardware architecture, construction of the uClinux design platform and implementation of application modules.Hardware focused on the design of embedded systems. On the design of hardware, the paper discusses two aspects, the design of a smallest expander circuits and system functional circuits based on LPC2210. The implementation of FIFO to interface high precision AD converter with arm LPC2210 which can improve the efficiency of the processor is described in detail. On the development platform construction, the paper introduces the realization of BootLoader, transplant process of uClinux and file system. It emphatically analyses the modification of transplant core of uClinux that pave the way for further research. On the design of application module, bining with hardware features, the paper realized the relevant interface driver. According to concrete functions of bolt detector, the data acquisition module, data storage module, manmachine interaction module, data processing module are designed by QT/Embedded. They are the key points of the design.Keywords: Bolt detector。使設(shè)備具有良好的人機(jī)交互界面，并能夠?qū)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)的顯示和處理，是設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。其中主要包括系統(tǒng)硬件構(gòu)架設(shè)計(jì)、uClinux設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)的構(gòu)建和功能模塊的實(shí)現(xiàn)三方面內(nèi)容。摘 要針對(duì)現(xiàn)階段使用的基于八位或十六位單片機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的錨桿檢測(cè)應(yīng)力儀在數(shù)據(jù)處理、人機(jī)交互和智能化等功能上存在的不足，在對(duì)電阻應(yīng)力儀測(cè)量原理的了解和嵌入式技術(shù)的掌握的基礎(chǔ)上，本文進(jìn)行了基于嵌入式技術(shù)的錨桿檢測(cè)應(yīng)力儀的設(shè)計(jì)。從錨桿檢測(cè)應(yīng)力儀功能需求出發(fā)，確定了系統(tǒng)的總體方案。在硬件設(shè)計(jì)方面重點(diǎn)討論嵌入式系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，包括以LPC2210微處理器為核心的最小擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和系統(tǒng)功能電路的設(shè)計(jì)兩個(gè)方面，其中詳細(xì)闡述了采用高精度AD器件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集的方法，并在設(shè)計(jì)中利用FIFO實(shí)現(xiàn)AD數(shù)據(jù)緩存從而提高處理器效率；在開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)構(gòu)建方面，介紹了系統(tǒng)引導(dǎo)程序的實(shí)現(xiàn)，給出了uClinux和文件系統(tǒng)的移植步驟，且著重分析了移植uClinux內(nèi)核的修改，為進(jìn)一步的應(yīng)用開(kāi)發(fā)作鋪墊；在功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì)方面，結(jié)合底層硬件特性，實(shí)現(xiàn)了相關(guān)接口的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序，并從設(shè)備需要的具體功能出發(fā)，利用QT/Embedded設(shè)計(jì)了數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)模塊、人機(jī)交互模塊和數(shù)據(jù)處理模塊等。關(guān)鍵詞：錨桿檢測(cè)應(yīng)力儀；LPC2210；uClinux；人機(jī)交互；數(shù)據(jù)處理AbstractThe most of blot detector used in mine roadway are based on 8bit or 16bit MCU at present, because of the restriction of normal MCU, this kind of bolt detector exists many deficiencies in some aspects, such as data processing, manmachine interaction and intelligence function. Based on the understanding of the resistance strain gauge39。LPC2210。manmachine interaction。巷道圍巖應(yīng)力由原來(lái)的三向應(yīng)力狀態(tài)變?yōu)閮上蚧騿蜗驊?yīng)力狀態(tài)，圍巖出現(xiàn)破壞區(qū)和塑性區(qū)，此時(shí)若巷道未得到有效、及時(shí)的支護(hù)，則巷道的破壞區(qū)和塑性區(qū)會(huì)愈來(lái)愈大