【正文】 式的簡易產(chǎn)品為主，工程也以非承壓單循環(huán)為主。但歐洲的太陽能熱水器行業(yè)發(fā)展與中國有許多不同。在歐洲，過去 10 年來太陽能熱水器的增長率一直保持在 18％左右，預(yù)計未來十年增長率會達(dá)到 20%。第三部分包括第三、四章硬件設(shè)計及電路原理和軟件設(shè)計，分別介紹了單片機的結(jié)構(gòu)與要求，溫度傳感器的特點及應(yīng)用、水位檢測結(jié)構(gòu)的原理，以及顯示器的結(jié)構(gòu)等等，都是此款太陽能熱水器的理論基礎(chǔ)和必要前提。第一部分包括第一章，描述太陽能的應(yīng)用意義和前景發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，并將太陽能熱水器與燃?xì)鉄崴鞯茸龀鱿鄳?yīng)的比較，突出太陽能熱水器的優(yōu)勢與更廣闊的發(fā)展前景。這里根據(jù)太陽能熱水器對控制器的要求，提出了以 ATmeg16 單片機為檢測控制核心，結(jié)合 SD2200 實時時鐘，控制水溫水位的定時設(shè)定，并利用液晶顯示屏實時顯示時間、溫度、水位等信息，五個按鍵可以實現(xiàn)對水溫和水位的設(shè)定。這一設(shè)計將鼓勵太陽能熱水器更廣泛的使用，從而推動低碳能源的利用，環(huán)保節(jié)能。本文將設(shè)計一種適合于家用、高性能的太陽能熱水器控制裝置，實現(xiàn)多種自動化功能，使用方便、人性化。I摘 要隨著新世紀(jì)人類的發(fā)展，節(jié)能環(huán)保成為了二十一世紀(jì)的關(guān)鍵詞，能源危機環(huán)境污染成為全球性的危機，清潔能源與可再生能源成為人們最關(guān)注的主題。太陽能取之不盡、用之不竭、干凈且無污染，因此，積極鼓勵太陽能的應(yīng)用具有非常大的意義。該設(shè)計綠色環(huán)保，符合國內(nèi)低碳經(jīng)濟，具有可持續(xù)發(fā)展性。本論文在介紹傳感器、單片機、時鐘芯片的特點基礎(chǔ)上，詳細(xì)描述了太陽能熱水器的工作原理和設(shè)計方案。全文分三大部分。第二部分包括第二章，描述太陽能系統(tǒng)組成及本設(shè)計的相應(yīng)技術(shù)指標(biāo)和要求。關(guān)鍵詞： 太陽能熱水器 單片機 溫度傳感器 實時時鐘 IIAbstractWith the development of human race during the new century, energy conservation and environmental protection bees one of the most important things in 21st century. Clean and renewable energy sources are stepping on to the stage of the new century. As a result, it would be of great significance to use solar energy which is both clean and inexhaustible in certain areas. This paper proposes a design of a smart solar water heater controller which could realize several kinds of automatic functions to make the use more convenient and humanized. I believe that this design of smart controller would encourage the use of solar water heater.On the basis of the introduction to the solar energy, sensor and SIM, this paper gives the detail information of the working principle of solar water heater and also describes the design scheme. According to the characteristics of the controller and the function of the solar water heater, the controller is based on ATmega16, SD2200, and LCD, realizing the function of real time display to show the value of temperature and water level. Moreover, users could set the temperature and the water level by 6 different bottoms on the controller. This article is divided into 3 parts. Part One includes Chapter 1 introducing the use and perspective of solar energy. Part Two includes Chapter 2 and 3 and describes the structure and use of solar water heater. Part three, including Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, introduces the design of hardware and software and the theory of the circuit as well. All of the theories above make up of the foundation of this design of smart solar water heater controller.Key Words： solar water heater temperature sensor real clock SCMIII目錄第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................................... 1 國際太陽能熱水器的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................. 1 中國太陽能熱水器行業(yè)的發(fā)展概況 ...................................................................................... 3 太陽能熱水器的應(yīng)用及其意義 .............................................................................................. 4 論文的主要工作 ...................................................................................................................... 6 第二章 太陽能熱水器的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 ...................................................................................... 8 太陽能熱水器綜述 .................................................................................................................. 8 太陽能熱水器智能控制裝置的主要功能 .............................................................................. 9 太陽能熱水器智能控制器的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo) ........................................................................ 11 溫度檢測 ........................................................................................................................ 11 水位檢測 ........................................................................................................................ 11 可控水泵和熱泵 ............................................................................................................ 11 第三章 太陽能熱水器智能控制器的硬件設(shè)計 ............................................................................ 13 太陽能熱水器的基本控制原理 ............................................................................................ 13 溫度檢測部分 ........................................................................................................................ 17 溫度傳感器 DS18B20 簡介 ........................................................................................... 17 DS18B20 與單片機接口 ................................................................................................ 19 DS18B20 工作時序 ........................................................................................................ 19 溫度標(biāo)定與精度處理 ..................................................................................................... 21 DS18B20 溫度傳感器的多點測量 ................................................................................ 22 時鐘電路部分 ........................................................................................................................ 22 SD2200 系列實時時鐘芯片簡介 ................................................................................... 22 SD2200 的工作原理 ....................................................................................................... 23 時鐘芯片與單片機接口電路 ......................................................................................... 24 時鐘芯片的工作時序 ..................................................................................................... 24 水位檢測部分 ........................................................................................................................ 26 水位檢測原理 ................................................................................................................ 26 水位檢測裝置 ................................................................................................................ 26 鍵盤電路部分 ...............................................