【正文】 饋、解耦、自適應(yīng)和預(yù)測(cè)控制等先進(jìn)控制，并可方便地加入所需的特殊控制算法。 處于底層的過程控制級(jí)一般由分散的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制站、數(shù)據(jù)采集站等就地實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集和控制，并通過數(shù)據(jù)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳送到生產(chǎn)監(jiān)控級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，DCS可以按照需要與更高性能的計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接來實(shí)現(xiàn)更高級(jí)的集中管理功能，如計(jì)劃調(diào)度、倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)管理、能源管理等。世界各國(guó)的各大公司也紛紛仿效, 推出了一個(gè)又一個(gè)集散系統(tǒng), 從此過程控制進(jìn)入了集散系統(tǒng)的新時(shí)期。Euml。Eacute?！　‰S著計(jì)算機(jī)特別是微型計(jì)算機(jī)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展, 加上各制造商的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 使DCS 很快從70 年代的第一代發(fā)展到90 年代初的第三代DCS。　　隨著計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展與網(wǎng)絡(luò)開發(fā)使各控制廠商更多地采用商業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī)的技術(shù), 80年代末許多公司推出新一代的集散系統(tǒng), 其主要特征是新系統(tǒng)的局部網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用MA P 協(xié)議。 在控制軟件上引入PLC 的順序控制與批量控制, 使DCS 也具有PLC 的功能。Non th rup 的MAX—1000,Foxbo ro 的Iamp。A S,日本橫河的CEN TUM?！　∧壳皣?guó)內(nèi)DCS主要有：新華XDPS，魯能的LN2000，國(guó)電智深DCS，中控DCS，和利時(shí)DCS，南京科遠(yuǎn)DCS，浙江中自等。 英文翻譯DCSDCS Distributed Control System is the abbreviation of (Distributed Control System), automation industry in the country is also known as distributed control system.The socalled distributed control system, or in some of the information in the call distribution system, as opposed to centralized control systems, a new puter control system, which is a centralized control system based on the development, evolution and e. It is a process by the process control level and the position of monitoring level munications network as a link to the multilevel puter systems, integrated puter, munication, display and control technologies such as 4C, the basic idea is decentralized control, centralized operations, hierarchical management , flexible configuration, and configuration easy. Function in the system, DCS, and centralized control systems are not very different, but in the realization of system functions methods are pletely different.First, DCS39。s rate, known as bits per second (bps), but the realtime system network, which can ensure the long period of time to plete the required information transmission . System network also must be very reliable in any case, network munications are not interrupted, so most manufacturers of DCS were double bus, ring or dual star network topology. Scalability to meet the requirements of the system, the system can access the network should be higher than the maximum number of nodes in the large number of nodes actually used several times. In this way, one can always add a new node, it can also make the system run in a lighter network traffic load conditions, to ensure that the system realtime and reliability. During the actual operation of the system, each node of the Internet and the net may occur at any time, in particular, operator stations, so that reconfiguration will always be, and this operation must not affect the normal operation, therefore, the system network should have a strong online network reconfiguration functions.Secondly, this is a pletely onsite I / O processing and realization of direct digital control (DDC) feature of network nodes. To set the general scene in a DCS I / O controllers, to share the entire system I / O and control functions. This site can be avoided due to a failure caused by the failure of the entire system, improve system reliability, the site also allows sharing of data acquisition and control functions, will help improve overall system performance. DCS operator station is run operation to deal with all the humanmachine interface (HMIHuman Machine Interface, or operator interface) function of network nodes.DCS engineer station is offline configuration, the system configuration work, and online monitoring, control, maintenance of the network node, and its main function is to provide to the DCS configuration, software configuration tool (ie, the configuration software) and running online in real time DCS DCS network to monitor the operation of each node, the system engineer can engineer station to adjust the system configuration settings and some system parameters, the DCS at any time under the best working condition. And centralized control systems, are required to have all of the DCS system configuration functions, it can be said, no system configuration functions of the system can not be called as a DCS.DCS since its inception in 1975, has already experienced twenty years of development. In two decades, DCS system architecture although there is no significan