【正文】 采用常規(guī) PID 控制，PID 控制器是最早發(fā)展起來的控制策略之一，具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、容易實(shí)現(xiàn)、控制效果好、魯棒性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，被廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)過程控制，尤其適用于可建立精確數(shù)學(xué)模型的確定性控制系統(tǒng)，在工業(yè)過程控制中至今仍得到廣泛應(yīng)用。作為計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代儀器技術(shù)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，虛擬儀器實(shí)現(xiàn)了在傳統(tǒng)測試?yán)碚摵涂刂品椒ㄉ系母锩酝黄?。本文把虛擬儀器與智能溫度控制相結(jié)合，用 LabVIEW 開發(fā)了一套自整定的 PID 控制算法的溫度控制系統(tǒng)。詳細(xì)地論述了系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，其中包括數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理、數(shù)字濾波等功能模塊的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。it also has the characteristics of it is widely used in industrial process control, in particular to establish a precise mathematical model, and industrial process control is still widely used. However, the industry39。 In this paper, we use incremental PID control algorithm for autotuning parameters.As product of bination of the puter technology and modern equipment technology,it make a revolutionary breakthrough from traditional test and measurement methods .Compared with traditional instruments, virtual instrument has a more featurerich, faster processing speed, more effective measurement, the advantage of better this paper, the virtual instrument and intelligent temperature control is bined, we use LabVIEW to develop a set of selftuning PID control algorithm of the temperature control system. Paper provides an overview of the development of intelligent temperature control and the status , describes the development of virtual instrumentation and its salient features. Detailing the system design and implementation, including data acquisition, data processing, digital filtering and other functions of the Design and Implementation of modules. Keywords: virtual instrument。 selftuning內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（畢業(yè)論文）VI目錄摘要 .............................................................................................................................................IAbstract ......................................................................................................................................II第一章 引言 ...............................................................................................................................1 本課題的背景及意義 ......................................................................................................1 論文研究的主要內(nèi)容 .......................................................................................................3 文研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn) .......................................................................................................3第二章 虛擬儀器及應(yīng)用簡介 ...................................................................................................4 虛擬儀器的概念 ...............................................................................................................4 虛擬儀器的特點(diǎn) ...............................................................................................................5 虛擬儀器的組成 ...............................................................................................................5 虛擬儀器的開發(fā)平臺—LabVIEW ..................................................................................6 LabVIEW 的程序構(gòu)成 .....................................................................................................7 虛擬儀器與傳統(tǒng)儀器的比較 ...........................................................................................8 虛擬儀器的應(yīng)用 ...............................................................................................................9第三章 溫度傳感器的分類及溫度信號的檢測 ...................................................................12 爐溫度特性及其對象建模 .............................................................................................12 溫度傳感器的選用 ........................................................................................................14 爐熱電偶測溫 .................................................................................................................17 偶測溫誤差分析 .............................................................................................................18第四章 PID 控制算法簡介 .....................................................................................................20 PID 控制和智能控制的介紹 ..........................................................................................20 數(shù)字 PID 控制算式 .........................................................................................................23 數(shù)字 PID 控制算式的改進(jìn) .............................................................................................26 增量式 PID 控制器的程序流程圖 ................................................................................30第五章 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................32 控制系統(tǒng)的功能及結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................................32 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡 .....................................................................................................................33 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原則 .................................................................................................................35內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（畢業(yè)論文）VII第六章 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................36 軟件模塊化設(shè)計(jì)方法概述 .............................................................................................36 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................37 密碼驗(yàn)證模塊 .................................................................................................................37 數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊 .................................................................................................................38 A/D 和 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換 ......................................................................................................38 數(shù)據(jù)采集 ...................................................................................................................39 信號處理模塊 .................................................................................................................40 PID 控制器模塊 ...........................................................................................................42第七章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 .................................................