最新沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)外文翻譯@中英文翻譯@外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯-展示頁(yè)
2025-07-04 03:08本頁(yè)面
【正文】 除回彈。雙動(dòng)式壓力機(jī)是用于鈑金零件的拉深加工。在加工工作循環(huán)期間，壓邊圈首先與零件接觸，然后施加壓力使沖頭夾緊器進(jìn)行適當(dāng)零件拉深（見(jiàn)圖9）。另外，三動(dòng)式壓力機(jī)床身還有另一個(gè)滑塊，它可向上運(yùn)動(dòng)，從而在一個(gè)沖壓循環(huán)中實(shí)現(xiàn)反向拉伸。肘桿式壓力機(jī)是用于壓印加工。此種壓力機(jī)利用一個(gè)曲柄（曲柄帶動(dòng)違節(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)，連節(jié)是由兩個(gè)在上死點(diǎn)到下死點(diǎn)之間進(jìn)行擺動(dòng)的連桿組成，連桿擺動(dòng)時(shí)間很短）．在臨近沖程底部時(shí)慢速移動(dòng)的滑塊具有功率很大的短距離位移。液壓機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)足工作壓力、沖程和滑塊的速度均是可調(diào)的（見(jiàn)圖10）。活塞與液壓缸的驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)是用線性方式實(shí)現(xiàn)的，并且直接．連接到滑塊。液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置易于安裝在機(jī)械框架結(jié)構(gòu)中。這就可以使零件僅通過(guò)把復(fù)雜的零件分成幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的加工工序?qū)崿F(xiàn)由復(fù)雜設(shè)計(jì)到精確制造的過(guò)程，且沒(méi)有使用昂貴的沖制刀具。圖11 典型彎板機(jī)使用帶有簡(jiǎn)單央具的彎扳機(jī)可以容易地對(duì)鈑金進(jìn)行彎曲。模具簡(jiǎn)單，適于各種類(lèi)型的成形加工，而且，加工工序很容易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化。大多數(shù)應(yīng)用中，一般是使用碳鋼或灰鑄鐵材料模具。s automobile stamping lines. Another factor that one sees standing next to such lines is the number of different sheetforming operations that automobile panels go through. Blanks are created by simple shearing, but from then on a wide variety of bending, drawing, stretching, cropping , and trimming takes place, each requiring a special, custommade die.Despite this wide variety of subprocesses, in each case the desired shapes are achieved by the modes of deformation known as drawing, stretching, and bending. The three modes can be illustrated by considering the deformation of small sheet elements subjected to various states of stress in the plane of the sheet. Figure 1 considers a simple forming process in which a cylindrical cup is produced from a circular blank.Figure 1 Sheet forming a simple cupDrawing is observed in the blank flange as it is being drawn horizontally through the die by the downward action of the punch. A sheet element in the flange is made to elongate in the radial direction and contract in the circumferential direction, the sheet thickness remaining approximately constant Modes of sheet forming are shown in Figure 2.Figure2 Modes of sheet formingStretching is the term usually used to describe the deformation in which an element of sheet material is made to elongate in two perpendicular directions in the sheet plane. A special form of stretching, which is encountered in most forming operations, is plane strain stretching. In this case, a sheet element is made to stretch in one direction only, with no change in dimension in the direction normal to the direction of elongation but a definite change in thickness, that is, thinning.Bending is the mode of deformation observed when the sheet material is made to go over a die or punch radius, thus suffering a change in orientation. The deformation is an example of plane strain elongation and contractionA plete press tool for cutting a hole or multiholes in sheet material at one stroke of the press as classified and standardized by a large manufacturer as a singlestation piercing die is shown in Figure3.Any plete press tool, consisting of a pair( or a bination of pars ) of mating member for producing pressworked (stmped）parts, including all supporting and actuating elements of the tool, is a die. Pressworking terminology monly defines the female part of any plete press tool as a die.The guide pins, or posts, are mounted in the lower shoe. The upper shoe contains bushings which slide on the guide pins. The assembly of the lower and upper shoes with guide pins and bushings is a die set. Die sets in many sizes and designs are mercially available. The guide pins are shown in Figure 3. Figure3 Typical singlestation die for piercing hole1—Lower shoe 2,5—Guide bushings 3—Cavity plate 4—Guid pin 6—Springloaded stripper 7—Punch 8—Support plate 9—Punch bushing 10—Fanshaped block 11—Fixed plate 12—Punchholder plate 13—Backing plate 14—Spring 15—Stepping bolts 16—Upper shoe 17—ShankA punch holder mounted to the upper shoe holds two round punches (male members of
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