【正文】 特性，合金適宜的 時(shí)效溫度為 185℃，時(shí)效時(shí)間為 12h。經(jīng)此制度固溶處理后冷水淬火，于 185℃時(shí)效 12h，合金具有較好的強(qiáng)度、塑性配合。碩士學(xué)位論文（工程碩士）2124 鋁合金固溶時(shí)效對(duì)組織和性能的影響EFFECTS OF SOLUTION AND AGING ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF 2124 ALUMINUM ALLOY齊國(guó)棟哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)2009 年 3 月國(guó)內(nèi)圖書分類號(hào)： 學(xué)校代碼：10213國(guó)際圖書分類號(hào)： 密級(jí)：碩士學(xué)位論文（工程碩士）2124 鋁合金固溶時(shí)效對(duì)組織和性能的影響碩 士 研 究 生： 齊國(guó)棟導(dǎo) 師： 邵文柱 教授 副 導(dǎo) 師： 吳欣鳳 教授級(jí)高工 申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別： 工程碩士學(xué) 科 、 專 業(yè)： 材料工程所 在 單 位： 東北輕合金限責(zé)任公司答 辯 日 期： 2009 年 3 月授予學(xué)位單位： 哈爾濱工業(yè)學(xué)Classified Index: School code: 10213: Secretlevel:Dissertation for the Master Degree （Master of Engineering）EFFECTS OF SOLUTION AND AGING ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF 2124 ALUMINUM ALLOYCandidate： Qi GuodongSupervisor： Prof. Shao WenzhuAssociate Supervisor: Profengineer Wu XinfengAcademic Degree Applied for： Master of EngineeringSpecialty： Material EngineeringAffiliation: Northeast Light Alloy Co.，LtdDate of Defence： March，2009DegreeConferringInstitution： Harbin Institute of Technology哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘 要 采用室溫拉伸性能測(cè)試和差熱分析、金相及電子顯微分析，研究了新型 2124 合金厚板在不同熱處理制度下的拉伸力學(xué)性能、顯微組織及其變化規(guī) 律，優(yōu)化了熱處理制度；通過(guò) MTS 試驗(yàn)機(jī)測(cè)試了不同厚度新型 2124 合金 T851 狀態(tài)板材的斷裂韌性以及斷口掃描電鏡分析，研究了合金微觀組織結(jié) 構(gòu)對(duì)合金板材斷裂韌性的影響。結(jié)果表明：固溶溫度和固溶時(shí)間對(duì)新型 2124 合金熱軋厚板的拉伸力學(xué)性能影響較大，合金適宜的固溶溫度為 498℃，固溶時(shí)間為 80 min。在此條件下，合金的抗拉強(qiáng)度 σb、 屈服強(qiáng)度 和延伸率 δ 分別為 466 MPa、375 MPa 和 %；適當(dāng)提高固溶 溫度或延長(zhǎng)固溶時(shí)間，合金中的過(guò)剩相的溶解程度增大，提高了合金的固溶 程度，從而提高合金的強(qiáng)度，但過(guò)高固溶溫度或過(guò)長(zhǎng)固溶時(shí)間使合金的延伸 率降低。在此條件下，合金的抗拉強(qiáng)度 σb、屈 服強(qiáng)度 和延伸率 δ 分別為 483 MPa、454 MPa 和 %；預(yù)拉伸變形處理 增加了合金的位錯(cuò)密度，與淬火+峰時(shí)效相比，經(jīng)過(guò) 2%預(yù)拉伸處理的淬火+ 預(yù)拉伸+峰時(shí)效合金 S′相分布更加彌散均勻細(xì)小，從而提高合金強(qiáng)度。新型 2124 合金 T851 狀態(tài)縱向斷裂韌性 40mm 厚板材最 好 ， 達(dá) 到 MPam1/2 ；而綜合而言 30mm 厚板材斷裂韌性最好，縱向?yàn)? MPam1/2；新型 2124 合金 T851 狀態(tài)合金板材不同 方向的斷裂韌性不同，其抗裂紋擴(kuò)展能力縱向要明顯優(yōu)于橫向。 The fracture toughness of new 2124 aluminum alloy plates of T851 state which contain different thicks were investigated using MTS. Meanwhile, the influences of the microstructure on the alloy’s fracture toughness were researched using scaning electron microscopy. The results show that: The temperature and time of solution have much effect on mechanical properties of the new 2124 thick hotrolled sheet. The suitable solution temperature and time of the alloy are 498 oC and 80 minutes respectively. At this condition, tensile strength σb, yield strength , elongation δ of the alloy is 466MPa, 375MPa, % respectively. Increasing the temperature or extending the time of solution properly can accelerate the solution of the excess phase,which can raise the degree of solution of alloy and improve the strength of alloy, but the excessive temperature or time of solution reduce the elongation of alloy. The main phase of precipitation strength of the 2124 alloy is S′phase. The alloy has strong ageing strengthening characteristic when aging at the temperature of 170 oC, 185 oC and 200 oC. The suitable ageing treatment of the alloy is ageing at 185 oC for 12h. At this condition, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation of the alloy is 483MPa, 454MPa, % respectively. Prestretching can increase the density of dislocation。m1/2. the lateral facture toughness of new II 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文2124 aluminum alloy with 55mm thickness was best, which reached MPam1/2 of longitudinal and MPa The fracture toughness of 2124T851 aluminum alloy plates is anisotropic,and the crack growth resistance in rolling direction is better than the one in transverse direction.Keywords: aluminum alloy, solution and aging, prestretching, fracture toughness, microstructure. III 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文目錄摘要.........................................................................................................................IAbstract .......................................................................................................................II第 1 章 緒 論..............................................................................................................1國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀...............................................................................................1 國(guó)外 AlCuMg 系鋁合金的研究與發(fā)展.................................................1 國(guó)內(nèi) AlCuMg 系鋁合金的研究與發(fā)展.................................................3合金元素在 AlCuMg 系合金中的作用........................................................4主合金元素................................................................................................4微量元素....................................................................................................6雜質(zhì)元素....................................................................................................7 AlCuMg 系合金的組織..................................................................................8沉淀順序及沉淀相....................................................................................8硬化機(jī)理....................................................................................................9 AlCuMg 系合金的熱處理............................................................................11鑄錠均勻化處理......................................................................................11固溶處理..................................................................................................12單級(jí)時(shí)效..................................................................................................13分級(jí)時(shí)效..................................................................................................13形變熱處理..............................................................................................14合金的斷裂韌性.............................................................................................15應(yīng)力場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度因子和斷裂韌性...................................