【正文】
scorbic acid) deficiency leads to scurvy壞血病 , a disease characterized by the degeneration of connective tissue. Without this vitamin, fibroblasts synthesize defective collagen, and the defective fibers are not replaced. 基質(zhì) (ground substance) 蛋 白 質(zhì) 蛋白多糖 透明質(zhì)酸 糖胺多糖 硫酸軟骨素 A、 C 硫酸角質(zhì)素 硫酸乙酰肝素 糖 蛋 白 :層粘連蛋白、纖維粘連蛋白、 軟骨粘連蛋白等。 肥大細(xì)胞 (mast cell) ?形態(tài): 圓或卵圓形 ?結(jié)構(gòu): LM 粗大的嗜堿性顆粒(異染性,水溶性) EM 顆粒有單位膜包被,呈板層狀或細(xì)顆粒狀 ?功能: 引起過敏反應(yīng) 釋放活性物質(zhì) (全身性) 過敏性休克 皮膚 蕁麻疹 呼吸道 哮喘,過敏性鼻炎 胃腸道 惡心、嘔吐、 腹痛、腹瀉 肥大細(xì)胞 IgE 抗原 脫顆粒 (組織胺、嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞趨化因子、肝素) 白三烯 胞質(zhì)中 顆粒中 脂肪細(xì)胞 (fat cell) ? 形態(tài):細(xì)胞呈 “ 寶石戒指狀 ” 。 ?功能: 可合成和分泌免疫球蛋白和多種細(xì)胞因子 ,參與機(jī)體的體液免疫。 空泡 溶酶體 殘余體 巨噬細(xì)胞 (macrophage) ?功能: 變形運(yùn)動(dòng)和趨化性;吞噬作用;參與和調(diào)節(jié)免疫應(yīng)答;分泌作用 (溶酶體、補(bǔ)體、多種細(xì)胞因子等 )。胞質(zhì)多呈 嗜酸性 巨噬細(xì)胞 (macrophage) ? 電鏡下, 細(xì)胞表面有許多皺褶; 胞質(zhì)內(nèi)含大量初級(jí)溶酶體、次級(jí)溶酶體、吞噬體、吞飲小泡和殘余體 。 纖維和 基質(zhì) 臨床聯(lián)系 Medical Application The regenerative capacity of the connective tissue is clearly observed when tissues are destroyed by inflammation炎癥 or traumatic injury挫傷 . In these cases, the spaces are filled by co nnective tissue, which forms a scar. The healing of surgical incisions depends on the reparative capacity of connective tissue. The main cell type involved in repair is the fibroblast. during wound healing, the fibrocyte reverts to the fibro blast state, and its synthetic activities ar