英語研究生論文格式-展示頁
2025-04-16 01:19本頁面
【正文】 。成段引用不需要引號，但要在引用結(jié)束時標明頁碼。. . . . .研究生學位論文APA格式指南一、引用（Quotations）1. 如果引用字數(shù)少于40個，不必另起一段。2. 如果引用字數(shù)超過40個，那就稱為成段引用，需要另起一段，每一行從左右兩邊各縮進57個空格，下面每一行跟上面的對齊（見例1），但如果還要引用第二段，第二段開始應在左邊再縮進5個空格（見例2）。例1： Raymond Williams(1985) explains that the word career has all but lost its original meaning. He ments that Career is now so regularly used to describe a person’s progress in life, or, be deviationfrom this, his profession or vocation that it is difficult to remember, in the same context,its original meaning of a racecourse and a gallopthough in some contexts, as in the phrase “careering about”, these survive. (p. 10)例2：Raymond Williams(1985) explains that the word career has all but lost its original meaning. He ments that Career is now so regularly used to describe a person’s progress in life, or, be deviationfrom this, his profession or vocation that it is difficult to remember, in the same context,its original meaning of a racecourse and a gallopthough in some contexts, as in the phrase “careering about”, these survive. Career appeared in English… (p. 10)二、引證（Parenthetical reference citations in text）如果用某個作者具體的話或論點來進行引證，要注明作者的姓和出版年份。下面將對各種不同情況的引證一一介紹。如果是直接引用，即引用原話，必須用引號，并且除了標明作者和出版年以外，還要標明具體頁碼。見例3與例4。見例5。如果是直接引用還要標明頁碼。例6：It has been argued that the teachers’ role is to provide the students with optimal conditions which can facilitate learning so that students can achieve similar successful results (Bloom, 1976). 4. 如果在你的正文中提到你要引用的作者，而且是直接引用，則需緊隨其姓氏后用括號標明出版年，然后在引用的引號后用括號標明具體頁碼。例7：Gould (1989) explains that Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to explain the other form of interconnectednessgenealogical rather than ecological—and to illustrate both success and failure in the history of life” (p. 14). 5. 如果你要引用有兩個作者的著作，要標明兩個作者的姓氏，如在括號中出現(xiàn)，可以用amp。見例8。 Thornhill, 1983)…. Alcock and Thornhill (1983) also demonstrate….6. 如果你要引用有35個作者的著作，第一次引用時，列出所有的姓氏，以后引用時，只列出第一位作者的姓氏，然后后面就不用都列了，用et al 表示就可以了。例９：Scientists have isolated a gene connected to circadian rhythms in plants ( Millar, Straume, Chory, Chua amp。見例10。如果是同一年出版的，則在其年后附上a、b 等字母以示區(qū)別，然后在參考文獻目錄中也應有相同的標識。9. 如果你引用的是第二手資料，即通過別人的引用來引用某一作者，如果是間接引用，則在括號中標明(as cited in Gould, 1989)，如果是直
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