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many diseases. (醫(yī)生應(yīng)該能治多種病。)He is a very capable doctor. (他是一位很好的大夫。用作定語,表示的能力沒有able表示的能力強(qiáng)。如:A cat is able to see in the dark. (貓?jiān)诤诎抵心芸匆姈|西。我們必須在廣泛閱讀的基礎(chǔ)上,仔細(xì)觀察每一個(gè)詞在不同上下文中的含義和用法,從而學(xué)會正確使用它。成人本科學(xué)位英語考試,除了《成人英語三級詞匯手冊》列出的詞之外,我們學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)還應(yīng)注意容易混淆的詞?! ?,多接of+(動)名詞: But they had no means of cooking 。比較: 1)All possible means have been )Every possible means has been tried. 若句意不能明確地表明主語的單復(fù)數(shù),其謂語則用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可: Is [Are] there any other means of doing it?做這事還有其它的什么辦法嗎? 、方法或手段,用介詞by: Only by this means can you do it 。這里主要涉及名詞means(方式,方法,手段)的用法與搭配: (永遠(yuǎn)有詞尾s)?! 、箢悾哼@一類包括baggage/luggage(行李),clothing(衣服),furniture(家俱),machinery(機(jī)器)等,其用法特點(diǎn)為:是不可數(shù)名詞,要用單數(shù)形式,不用不定冠詞(當(dāng)然更不能用數(shù)詞),沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式: Our clothing protects us from[against] the 。比較: This class consists of 45 。不與a(n)連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指):The police are looking for will laugh at you. Ⅱ類:這一類包括family(家庭),team(隊(duì)),class(班),audience(聽眾)等,其用法特點(diǎn)為:若視為整體,表示單數(shù)意義。用復(fù)數(shù)形式,其后介詞of不能省略:several dozen(of) pencils/several dozens of pencils幾打鉛筆 4)當(dāng)這些詞后面的名詞有了the,these,those等特指限定詞修飾時(shí),或其后接的是us,them這樣的人稱代詞時(shí),則此時(shí)必須用介詞of:two hundred of the workers這些工人中的200人 /threedozen of these eggs這些雞蛋中的3打/four dozen of them它們中的4打 通過以上分析:此題答案顯然只能是C. It is reported that a great number of ______died in the drought. 。如可以說two coffees,也可以說two cups of coffee,但是絕對不能說two cups of coffees. 二、數(shù)詞dozen,score,hundred,thousand,mil lion的用法 例 I want three_____ these eggs. of of 此題涉及兩個(gè)方面的問題:一是dozen是否加詞尾s,hundred,thousand,million極為相似,所以這里將它們放在一起敘述: 1)當(dāng)這些詞與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí),不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,也不后接介詞of(盡管有人認(rèn)為score/dozen之后有時(shí)可接of,但慣用法認(rèn)為,省略of常見):three hundred students 300名學(xué)生/three score(of)eggs 60只雞蛋 一杯咖啡,是可數(shù)名詞: Can I help you?你要點(diǎn)什么? Two coffees。如可以說two teas,也可以說two cupsof tea,但是不能說two cups of teas. 具有類似用法的詞還有coffee(咖啡): 咖啡,是物質(zhì)名詞,不可數(shù): I prefer tea to ?! hat can I do for you?你要吃點(diǎn)什么?Two teas。t like to drink ?! ☆愃频刈⒁庖韵赂髅~因變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式,而導(dǎo)致含義有變化: green 綠色 greens 青菜,蔬菜 wood 木頭,木材 woods 小樹林 manner 方式,方法 manners 禮貌 arm 臂 arms武器 water 水 waters河川,海,溫泉spirit 精神 spirits 心境 quarter 四分之一 quarters 軍營 custom 習(xí)慣 customs 關(guān)稅 force 力氣 forces 軍隊(duì) 成人英語三級考試網(wǎng)() 例3:Can I help you?____,please. teas cups of teas cup teas cup of tea ?! ≈骰蜃髌肥强蓴?shù)名詞,但多用復(fù)數(shù): The man gained his wealth by printing words off amous ?! ±?:Where does Mr Smith work? He works in a glass_____ around here. ,誤認(rèn)為:因?yàn)槠淝坝昧瞬欢ü谠~a,所以不能選work(因?yàn)椴豢蓴?shù))和works(因?yàn)槭菑?fù)數(shù)),D顯然是錯(cuò)的?! ≌`:He gave us some advices?! ≌篒t39?! ≌`:It39。注意一下正誤句型: 誤:I wish you a good luck. 正:I wish you good luck?! 「袊@句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是: 1)how+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語! 2)what+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語!(主語為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)形式,其前不用a/an) 英語中除了像air,water,milk,iron等這些中國人一目了然的不可數(shù)名詞外,還有一些不可數(shù)名詞很容易弄錯(cuò)。此題命題者主要考察了兩個(gè)方面的問題:一是感嘆句句型。 3) 后面跟省去“to”的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的??紕釉~: see watch,notice,observe,hear,listen to,feel ,get,make,have,let ,help,bid,know,look at ,smell,etc 2009年成人英語三級名詞??伎键c(diǎn)歸納一、區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 例1:___great progress he has made! a a 此題應(yīng)選C。 2) 用于動詞+賓語+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的常考動詞: force,hire,tell,require,teach,warn ,allow,ask,inform,beg,convince,expect,invite,order,permit,promise,instruct,prepare,urge,remind,want,advise,persuade,dare,forbid,like,challenge,request,get,need ,oblige,encourage,enable,pel,remend,declare,prove,mand,encourage,enable,lead,press,etc成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語詞匯及常用語法集錦詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)題型中??荚~匯: 1 虛擬語氣 賓語從句:order,demand,require,request,direct,mand,urge,rule,suggest,advise,vote,propose move,remend,prefer,decide,insist,desire,decree 主語從句:vital,important,essential,imperative,obligatory,necessary,unnecessary,impossible,sad,strange,natural,advisable,fitting,proper,appropriate,desirable 2 不定式 1) 通常只接動詞不定式作賓語的??紕釉~: agree,attempt,claim,decide demand,ask,hesitate,beg ,fail,care,consent,promise,desire,hope,intend,learn,offer,plan,refuse,prepare,pretend,strive,require,appear,arrange,expect,manage,tend,afford,wish,want,seem ,struggle,swear,threaten,wait,undertake,venture,seek ,resolve,aim,determine,endeavor,apply,claim,pledge,pretend,profess,refuse,volunteer,vow,happen ,guarantee,neglect,proceed,prove,condescend,consent,trouble,bother(negative),care(negative),choose,fail etc 1) 用于be+形容詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的??夹稳菰~ anxious,boring,dangerous,pleased,hard,eager,easy,fortunate,strange,good,ready,usual,prepared,surprised,mon,useless,asked,lucky,difficult,likely satisfied,careful,sure,glad,bored,certain,etc 2) 用于名詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的常考名詞: failure,offer,plan,ability,decision,desire,chance,permission,occasion,fun,honor,capacity,wish,pleasure,opportunity,demand,way ,refusal,responsibility,freedom,promise,etc.容易誤選D,誤認(rèn)為progress是可數(shù)名字。二是名詞progress的可數(shù)性。其中典型的有:work(工作),news(消息),luck(運(yùn)氣),fun(有趣的事),homework(家庭作業(yè)),advice(勸告、建議), harm(損害,傷害),progress(進(jìn)步),information(信息、消息),weather(天氣),wealth(財(cái)富),furniture(家具),luggage/baggage(行李)等。祝你好運(yùn)。s a great fun for us to be with her。s great fun for us to be with her?! ≌篐e gave us some advice。這里work有三個(gè)意思很容易弄混: 工作是不可數(shù)名詞: He has too much work to ?! 」S只用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但可表示單數(shù)意義: The glass works is[are]near the 。要做好此題,先要弄清tea的兩種用法: 茶,是物質(zhì)名詞,不可數(shù): I don39。Would you like a cup of tea?要喝杯茶嗎? 一杯茶,是可數(shù)名詞?! 〉侵档米⒁獾氖?,雖然以上兩種用法都可以,但千萬不要將這兩種用法混雜在一起?! e served us with two cups of 。 同時(shí)也要注意不要將以上兩種用法混在一起?! ?)當(dāng)這些詞不與具體數(shù)字連用,而是表示不確定的泛指數(shù),則不僅要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,而且要后接介詞of,然后才能后接名詞:thousands of students數(shù)千名學(xué)生/dozens of times幾十次/millions of years ago數(shù)百萬年前 3)當(dāng)這些詞與a few,several,many等數(shù)目不很具體的詞連用時(shí),用不用復(fù)數(shù)形式均可,但是注意:不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,其后的介詞of可以省略。此題主要涉及集合名詞的用法,下面將集合名詞的有關(guān)用法作一歸納: Ⅰ類:這一類包括cattle(牛),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等,其用法特點(diǎn)為:只有單數(shù)形式,但卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語時(shí)謂語通常也用復(fù)數(shù)。若考慮其個(gè)體成員,表示復(fù)數(shù)意義?! his class are studying English ?! ave you checked all your baggage?你所有行李都托運(yùn)了嗎? Every possible means_____ been tried,and wefind only______ this means can we do it well. ,in ,by ,in ,by 。若用作主語,其謂語的數(shù)需根據(jù)句意來確定?! ∮袝r(shí)用by means of,意為:用,依靠: Thoughts are expressed by means of ?! aking a plane is the quickest means of getting 。英語中有些詞,詞形和讀音相近,但意義卻不同;有些同義詞,基本意義相同,但內(nèi)涵的意義有很大差異。 , capable, petent able為常用詞,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知識與時(shí)間等,一般下效率無關(guān),用作定語表示能力超出平