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成時(shí)態(tài)。如:What have you been doing these days? 這些日子你一直在干什么?do (does, did)(1)“do not + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成行為動(dòng)詞的否定式。Does he go to school by bike every day? (3)“do + 動(dòng)詞原形”用于祈使句或陳述句中表示加強(qiáng)語氣。Do do some work. 請一定做點(diǎn)什么;(4)代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞以避免重復(fù)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。只有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought要和帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用,在句中作謂語用?,F(xiàn)將各情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法分述如下:can和could (could為can的過去式) 的基本用法(1)表示能力,如:He can speak English better than you. (2)在疑問句和否定句中表示“懷疑”、“猜測”或“可能性”,如:Can this green bike be Liu Dong39。但是can只能有現(xiàn)在式和過去式,而be able to則有更多的形式,如:He will be able to do the work better.may和might (might為may的過去式)的基本用法(1)表示允許或征詢對方許可,有“可以”之意,如:You may use my dictionary. 在回答對方說“可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”時(shí),一般多不用may或 may not,以避免語氣生硬或不容氣。如: May I use this dictionary? Yes, please. 或 Certainly. 在請求對方許可時(shí),如果Might I…? 就比用May I…? 語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)些,如:May I have a look at your new puter? 但是表示“阻止”或“禁止”對方做某事時(shí),要用must not代替may not,如: May we swim in this lake? No, you mustn’t. It’s too dangerous. (2)may或 might都可以表示可能性,表示“或許”、“可能”之意,如果用might表示可能性,則語氣更加不肯定,如:They may (might) be in the library now .must的基本用法(1)must表示“必須”、“應(yīng)該”之意,其否定式 must not,縮寫形式為 mustn39。t touch the fire. (2)對以must提出的疑問句,如作否定回答時(shí),要用needn39。t (doesn39。t,因?yàn)閙ustn39。t (don39。s. I know his father has just bought him a new one.can, could, may, must后接完成式的用法(1)can, could后接完成式的用法:①在否定句或疑問句中表示對過去發(fā)生過的事情的“懷疑”或“不肯定”的態(tài)度,Could he have said so? ②在肯定句中,可以表示過去可能做到而實(shí)際并沒做到的事情,有“勸告”或“責(zé)備”的語氣。s too late. You could have answered it earlier, I am sure. (2)may, might后接完成式的用法 ①表示對過去某事的推測,認(rèn)為某一件事情在過去可能發(fā)生了。t do the work well that day. You might have done it better.(3)must后接完成式的用法:表示對過去某事的推測,認(rèn)為某事在過去一定做到 了,如:Liu Dong isn’t in the classroom. He must have gone to the library. have to 的基本用法:have to和must的意義相近,只是 must側(cè)重表示說話人的主觀看法,而have to 則表示客觀需要,如:I must study hard. I had