【正文】 illa must receive enough lye. Galvanic Do’s amp。 turn up the power ? Insert needle into water ? Notice hydrogen bubble Experiment 3 ? Repeat 2 using distilled water ? Current will not flow through demineralized water ? Add salt slowly – the meter rises with the addition of conductive material Pouring Lye in Follicle? How do we do that? ? Galvanic machine – turned on ? Rectifier produces DC ? Rheostat controls intensity of current flow ? Millampere meter gauges the flow of current ? Needle holder is attached to the negative cord jack on front of unit ? Footswitch is attached to the jack on back of unit ? Needle or probe is placed in needle holder ? Needle is placed in patients skin ? Footswitch is depressed , releasing current flow ? Chemical action of current produces lye ? Electrical current returns to the positive terminal of the unit Galvanic Current Pros amp。 water in skin to form sodium hydroxide (lye) ? Hydrogen gas amp。Permanent Hair Removal – Electrolysis Vickie , CT, CLHRP Electrolysis ? Only proven method of permanent hair removal recognized by FDA ? No published studies ? 1875 Charles Michelle invented method removing ingrown eyelash! ? Electrolysis process ? Electrology science amp。 profession ? Electrologist professional Three Modalities of electrolysis ? Thermolysis ? Galvanic Electrolysis ? Blend Electrolysis ? Galvanic current – DC ? Moves in one direction ? Chemical deposition of follicle ? Current causes salts amp。 chlorine gas form – bubble can appear at surface of skin ? Method effective but time consuming ? Accuracy makes up for time Experiment – Effects of Lye on Skin ? Lay lye on a piece of meat ? Crystal will dissolve ? Puddle will form ? Tissue deposed – caustic action of lye Experiment 2 ? Fill glass with water ? Add 2 tsp. salt ? Stir until salt dissolves ? Place positive ground (hand held ground) in water. ? Place needle in the needle holder (not all the way) ? Turn on DC amp。 Cons ? Offers highest success rate in hair removal ? Accurate insertions are not as critical as current runs along the plete needle surface ? Distorted follicles respond to DC ? Lye produced in follicle continues to destroy follicle after treatment is over ? Very slow method – minutes per follicle ? Multineedle much better ? Can have shocking pain sensation when current develops in follicle ? Incorrect cord setup can cause tattooing ? New equipment has a ramping feature to gradually build current. Variables Affecting Galvanic Current ? Lye gradient – the concentration of lye produced in the hair follicle. ? Treatment energy – current duration amp。 Don’ts ? Follow manufactures guidelines. ? Make sure the negative cord is attached to the negative jack to avoid tattooing. ? Do not use tapered needles. ? Do not pulse with galvanic current. ? Cataphoresis reduces redness but not necessary. Thermolysis ? Dr. Bordier developed the first thermolysis of hair in 1923. ? Published results in 1932. ? Thermo – Greek word for Heat. ? Ysis – means to dissolve. ? AC – current. ? Referred to as highfrequency amp。 as soon as the ball is pushed into the tube you will pull back on it. This action creates a suction, as the balls are pulled toward you. Repeat this process over and over and you have created alternating current affect. Alternating Current ? Electrical generators create the “push and pull” phenomenon by rapidly changing an electrical charge from the negative to the positive. Negative charges push the electrons out into the power lines and positive charge pulls it back. ? One back and forth motion is called a cycle. ? Sixty cycles per second is standard American household current. High Frequency Current ? Imagine this backandforth motion accelerated to million cycles per second. ? This incredible rate is said be “oscillating”. ? This quickened movement is called mega cycles: millions of cycles per second. ? Blend epilators produce current output of megacycles. 13 million backand–forth electrons per second. ? Oscillating current is called high frequency or HF. Hertz amp。 Megahertz are named for Heinrich Hertz. ? More mon names are “cycles” and “megacycles” because these terms express the cycling or oscillation process. ? Abbreviations for “Hertz” is Hz amp。 1930’s demonstrated the benefits HF Current. ? Diathermy was produced by numerous medical devices for applications in heating muscles and soft tissue. Tissue Destruction ? HF can produce enough heat to cause necrosis (permanent tissue destruction). ? Different degrees of HF used on medicine produce specific results such electrodessication, electro coagulation, and electro section. Electrocoagulation ? Low level tissue destruction : tissue is clotted and rendered dysfunctional, but not dried out! ? Electrodessication is severe tissue destruction by heat that dehydrates. ? Dermatologist use HF devices call “hyfrecator” to burn off moles and other unwanted tissue. HF Epilators ? Produce electrocoagulation by converting liquids in the tissue , such as blood to produce a jelllike state! ? HF denatures tissue proteins (the cooking process). “Coagulation” Term Used in Profession ? Technically this term may not be accurate within our profession, but used for nearly a century. ? Terms: clot, “cook” denature and coagulate are monly used as a synonyms to denote tissue destruction by HF. Other Names for High Frequency ? Short Wave ? Radio Frequency ? High Frequency is the most universal term! Hinkel Explains HF All matter is posed of atoms. Atoms have positive charged protons and negatively charged protons. The presence of a negative charged proton in the tissue causes an attract