【正文】 7) lives!‖ When the bartender leaves the bar to start running, he is knocked to the ground by several townspeople rushing out of town. (S8) As he‘s picking himself up, he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. He‘s muscular, and is growing as he approaches the bar. He steps up to the door, orders the poor barkeep inside, and demands, ―I want a beer NOW!‖ He strikes his heavy fist on the bar, splitting it in half. (S9) The bartender nervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. He takes the beer, bites the top of the bottle off, and downs the beer in one gulp. As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar, the big man gets up to leave, ―Do you want another beer?‖ the bartender asks in a trembling voice. ―Dang it, I don‘t have time!‖ the big man yells, (S10) ―I got to get out of town! Don‘t you hear Big John is ing?‖ Task3: A View of Happiness Script Dr. Smith has proposed a reasonable, if perhaps somewhat oversimplifies, view of happiness. According to his theory, happiness might be described as a state if balance. And when human or certain animals achieve that balance, they rend to remain in that condition in order to repeat the happy feeling. To illustrate this, we may study two mags. When their positive and negative poles meet, they are fortably joined, and they remain there. In other words, they have attained a balance or state of happiness. If on the other hand, one of the poles is reversed, and positive pole is presses against positive pole, there is resistance, instability, imbalance a state of unhappiness. Animals with some degree of intelligence seem to find happiness in reinforcement. Once they have gained one or more of their goals such as food, and water, they learn to repeat the actions that led to satisfaction of those goals. This repetition or reinforcement produces a state of balance or sense of happiness. According to this theory, only animals with a significant capacity to learn should be able to experience happiness. But in truth learning can take place through surprisingly simple shortterm action such as scratching an itch, followed by pleasure, followed by more scratching, and so on. Thus learning can occur with almost no conscious thought. For human beings, blessed with the ability to reason, goals are not limited to the shortterm satisfaction of needs. Indeed, there is a strong link between happiness and the fulfillment of longterm goals. Even if human strive for goals that are more plex and longerterm than the animals‘ goals, once those goals are gained, happiness is reinforced. 1. Why does the speaker mention ―mags‖? 2. According to the passage, what may animals do after they have got food? 3. Which of the following is true according to the speaker? 4. What does the speaker say is special about the goals of human beings? 5. Which of the following best captures the main idea of the passage? Keys: 1D . B IV. Speaking Out MODEL 1 Don’t let it get to you! Susan: You look so angry. What happened? Chris: Nothing I‘d rather not talk about it. Just don‘t ask. Susan: Come on. Relax. Talk to me. Chris: All right. This morning I took my car to the garage to check the air conditioner. They only gave it a quick look, refilled it with some Freon, and charged me 300bucks! Susan: No wonder you‘re livid. I‘d be mad too if someone ripped me off like that. Chris: Yeah. And they were rude. They said I didn‘t know anything about cars, which I don‘t, but they didn‘t have to be blunt! Susan: Sounds like you got a raw deal! Chris: What‘s worse, as I was leaving, I herd then saying, ―Don‘t trust that guy. He looks broke.‖ When I heard that, I almost hit the roof. Susan: Don‘t let it get to you. Better ignore them. Chris: I agree. I did manage to keep my cool. Susan: Well, the best thing you can do is to file a plaint with the Consumer Protection Agency. Chris: sounds like a good idea. MODEL2 I’m too depressed. Script Susan: Chris, I hear you‘ve been down in the dumps, so I‘ve e to cheer you up. Chris: It‘s not gong o work. I‘m too depressed Susan: Come, on. Tell me what‘s on your mind. Chris: Everything. My girlfriend left me。 my dog ran away。 not to do your laundry. MODEL3 You seem to be on top of the world. Script Nora: Oh, hey, John! John: Hey! Nora: You seem to be on top of the world tonight. What‘s up? John: I‘m so happy I‘m about to burst. Guess what? Nora: You‘ve got me. John: It might be true that misfortunes never e singly, but you can also have a ―double blessing‖. And that‘s what I had. Nora: You mean you‘ve had two happy events in your life? John: Exactly. You know, I was strong in all subjects except physics. Now I‘ve finally passed the testthe one I needed to qualify for a Bachelor‘s degree. Nora: Congratulations! You‘d failed it three times. Now wonder you‘re beaming. What‘s the other good news? John: The multinational I was dong my field project at offered me a job at a good staring salary. Nora: Wow, wonderful, simple wonderful. John: I feel like celebrating. Shall we go to a bar? Nora: Why not? Now Your Turn Task 1 SAMPLE DIALOG A: You look furious. What happened? B: Nothing. I‘d rather not talk about it. Just don‘t ask. A: Come on. You shouldn‘t keep your feeling to yourself. You need to let off some stream. So, talk tome. B: All right. This morning I went to a shop to buy a digital camera, I only need an ordinary one. It is enough for my tours in the summer vacation. Buy they persuaded me to buy a professional camera, which cost three times as much. A: But you were willing to buy for it. Anyway, it must work better. B: You see, I know next to nothing about photography. So they simply tricked me into buying an expensive one.