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基于單片機(jī)分布式數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)論文-展示頁

2025-03-10 11:26本頁面
  

【正文】 DAS) 。 20 世紀(jì) 80年代后期,數(shù)據(jù)采集發(fā)生了很大的變化,工業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī)、單片機(jī)和大規(guī) 模集成電路的組合,用軟件管理,是系統(tǒng)的成本減低,體積變小,功能成倍增加,數(shù)據(jù)處理能力大大加強(qiáng)。這類系統(tǒng)主要應(yīng)用于實(shí)驗(yàn)室,在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)也有一定的應(yīng)用。 20 世紀(jì) 80 年代隨著計(jì)算機(jī)的普及應(yīng)用,數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)得到了很大的發(fā)展,開始出現(xiàn)了通用的數(shù)據(jù)采集與自動(dòng)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)。由于這種數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的性能優(yōu)良,超過了傳統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)檢測(cè)儀表和專用數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),因 而獲得了驚人的發(fā)展。大概在 60 年代后期,國內(nèi)外就有成套的數(shù)據(jù)采集設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)多屬于專用的系統(tǒng)。 數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)起始于 20 世紀(jì) 50 年代 , 1956 年美國首先研究了用在軍事上的測(cè)試系統(tǒng),目標(biāo)是測(cè)試中不依靠相關(guān)的測(cè)試文件,由非成熟人員進(jìn)行操作,并且測(cè)試任務(wù)是由測(cè)試設(shè)備高速自動(dòng)控制完成的。 基于單片機(jī)的多通道數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)是信號(hào)輸入 A/ D轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字信號(hào)后由單片機(jī)采集,然后利用單片機(jī)與 PC機(jī)的通信將數(shù)據(jù)送到 PC機(jī)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)、后期處理與顯示,實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)處理功能強(qiáng)大、顯示直觀、界面友好、性價(jià)比高、應(yīng)用廣泛的特點(diǎn)。 在分析了不同類型的單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn)及單片機(jī)與 PC機(jī)通信技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了單片機(jī)控制的采集系統(tǒng),并通過串口通信實(shí)現(xiàn)單片機(jī)與 PC機(jī)之間的通信,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的傳送并將數(shù)據(jù)在 PC機(jī)上顯示,完成單機(jī)的多通道數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)。 I 摘要 由于數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用范圍越來越寬、所涉及到的測(cè)量信號(hào)和信號(hào)源的類型越來越多、對(duì)測(cè)量的要求也越來越高,國內(nèi)現(xiàn)在已有不少數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)量和采集的系統(tǒng),但很多系統(tǒng)存在功能單一、采集通道少、采集速率低、操作復(fù)雜,并且對(duì)測(cè)試環(huán)境要求較高等問題。人們需要一種應(yīng)用范圍廣、性價(jià)比高的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)。 研究了 PC機(jī)與單片機(jī)通信的分布式結(jié)構(gòu)的通信方式及總線特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了基于RS232總線的多通道的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),并給出了該系統(tǒng)硬件、軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法及該系統(tǒng)的性能測(cè)試及分析。 關(guān)鍵詞: 多通道 ; 數(shù)據(jù)采集 ; 單片機(jī) ; 通信 Abstract 設(shè)計(jì):基于單片機(jī)分布式數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 作者: birdgu 聯(lián)系方式 郵箱 : 需要源文件、上位機(jī)文件、仿真圖??可發(fā)消息至 注:說明來意,祝君圓滿完成設(shè)計(jì) 日期: 2021 年 6 月 II Since the wide range of data acquisition system, which involves the measurement signal and the type of signal source more and more, surveyors are inceresingly high requirements of the domestic now have a lot of data acquisition and measurement system, but there are many single function systems, collecting less access, low collection rate, plicated operations, and the demands of the test environment and other issues. It requires a broad scope of application, high reliability and lowcost data acquisition system. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of different types of SCM and PC munication technology infrastructure, SCM control of the collection system designed and adopted MCU serial Communication between PC and munications, Data transmission and display of data stored on the PC. Single pleted the multichannel data acquisition system design and implementation. Of the PC and munications distributed MCU bus structure and munication features design based on the RS232 aircraft multichannel data acquisition system, and gives the system hardware. Software methods and the performance of the system was tested and analyzed. Based on SCM multichannel data acquisition system is adopted will e from the sensor signal amplification, linear filtering. After processing maintain synchronous sampling, which converted to digital signal input A/D conversion by SCM acquisition , then, SCM and PC munications data to the data storage, postprocessing and display, a powerful data processing, visual shows, friendly interface and high performanceprice ratio, a wide rang of features. Key words: MultiChannel; Data Acquisition; Microcontroller; Communication 目錄 摘要 ............................................................................................................................ Ⅰ III Abstract ........................................................................................................................ Ⅱ 1 緒論 .......................................................................................................................... 1 研究背景及目的意義 ...................................................................................... 1 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................. 2 該課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 .................................................................................. 3 2 數(shù)據(jù)采集 .................................................................................................................... 4 數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng) .................................................................................................. 4 器件選擇 .......................................................................................................... 4 A/D 模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換的選擇 ............................................................................. 5 單片機(jī)的選擇 ......................................................................................... 6 串行通信方式和接口選擇 .................................................................... 8 顯示部分 .............................................................................................. 11 電壓表 .................................................................................................. 11 小結(jié) .................................................................................................................. 11 3 硬件部分 ................................................................................................................ 12 硬件電路概況 ................................................................................................ 12 單片機(jī) ............................................................................................................ 13 單片機(jī) 的最小系統(tǒng) .......................................................................................... 14 LCD 顯示電路 ................................................................................................. 16 串行口通信 ..................................................................................................... 18 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路 ................................................................................................. 21 小結(jié) .................................................................................................................. 24 4 軟件部分 ................................................................................................................ 24 單片機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 24 上位機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 26 登陸系統(tǒng)和主界面 ............................................................................... 26 實(shí)時(shí)曲線 ..........................................................................................
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