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基于單片機(jī)的煤氣泄漏報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)_畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文-展示頁

2024-09-10 11:59本頁面
  

【正文】 力 400ppm 12 小時(shí)內(nèi)前額疼痛, 3 小時(shí)后威脅生命 800ppm 45 分鐘內(nèi)眼花、惡心、痙攣; 2小時(shí)內(nèi)失去知覺; 23小時(shí)內(nèi)死亡 1600ppm 20 分鐘內(nèi)頭痛、眼花、惡心;一小時(shí)內(nèi)死亡 3200ppm 510分鐘內(nèi)頭痛、眼花、惡心; 2530 分鐘死亡 12800ppm 13分鐘死亡 根據(jù)以上 數(shù)據(jù),可見煤氣泄漏時(shí)刻危害著人們的生命,當(dāng)煤氣泄漏不僅可以使人中毒,而且還隨時(shí)可能發(fā)生爆炸的危險(xiǎn) ,面對煤氣泄漏而造成的種種事故威脅,我們需要一個(gè)解決辦法。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行研究工作及工業(yè)現(xiàn)場施工時(shí),也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)因有毒氣體泄漏而引發(fā)的事故,有時(shí)甚至危及生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。它又是煤氣中對人體危害最大的有毒氣體。但是由于使用不當(dāng)或者設(shè)備老化等原因?qū)е碌拿簹庑孤O大的威脅著人們的生 命以及財(cái)產(chǎn)安全 CO是一種無色、無嗅、無味、無刺激性的氣體,幾乎不溶于水,當(dāng)與空氣混合達(dá)到12. 5%~ 80%時(shí)具有爆炸性。 microcontroller。s lives, Gas leak incident occasionally, gas leak can make people explode, brought a lot of hidden dangers to personal safety and property security of people, so to prevent the gas leak detectionthe device has bee an urgent need, for the development of the gas leak alarm detection devices is necessary. The popularity of puter and microcontroller, and the rapid development of IT, people have been raised on the family residential environment a higher demand intelligence, information was introduced to the family, convenient, fortable and more secure. The definition of the family of intelligent, in the international munity so far there is no consistent philosophy in the modern urban and rural residential area and the use of microputer, automatic control devices, munication technologies such as the establishment of a property management center and the security monitoring system, the ultimate aim is each congratulate get the best solution to meet their requirements. These are sufficient to show that the security focus. The provisions of the Ministry of Construction, the residential area should achieve six intelligent, including the implementation of the automated monitoring and management of security system。本系統(tǒng)有如下特點(diǎn):用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)控制,電路簡單、價(jià)格便宜、可靠性好。而且國家建設(shè)部規(guī)定,目前住宅小區(qū)應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)六項(xiàng)智能化要求,其中就包括實(shí)行安全防范系統(tǒng)自動化監(jiān)控管理;防盜報(bào)警系統(tǒng)應(yīng)安紅外或微波與煤氣泄漏報(bào)警器等各種類型報(bào)警裝置,基于此項(xiàng)規(guī)定,煤氣泄漏檢測報(bào)警裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)智能化勢在必行。 家庭智能化的定義,在國際上至今尚無一致的理念,在現(xiàn)代化的城鄉(xiāng)住宅小區(qū)中和采用微型計(jì)算機(jī)、自控裝置、通信等技術(shù),建立一個(gè)物業(yè)管理中心與安全防護(hù)監(jiān)控系 統(tǒng),最終的目的是使每一個(gè)祝賀得到滿足其要求的最佳方案。 I 摘 要 煤氣已成為人們生活中必不可少的能源了,煤氣泄漏時(shí)有發(fā)生,煤氣泄漏使人中毒,可能會發(fā)生爆炸,給人們的人身安全和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全帶來了很多隱患,所以防止煤氣泄漏檢測裝置已成為人們迫切的需要,為此開發(fā)煤氣泄漏報(bào)警檢測裝置是非常必要的。 計(jì)算機(jī)以及單片機(jī)的普及和信息技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,人們已經(jīng)對家庭住宅環(huán)境提出了更高的要求,智能化、信息化被引入家庭,便利,舒適而且更加安全。這些足以表明人們最注重的還是安全。 本系統(tǒng)主要針對傳統(tǒng)煤氣,液化氣的泄漏進(jìn)行檢測,報(bào)警。采用增強(qiáng)型 51 單片機(jī), MQ2 氣體傳感器,煤氣泄漏是會發(fā)出燈光和聲音的報(bào)警,因此本系統(tǒng)可作為 智能家居的一個(gè)安全系統(tǒng)! 關(guān)鍵詞: 煤氣泄漏;單片機(jī);氣體傳感器 II Abstract Gas has bee an essential energy in people39。 burglar alarm system should be infrared or microwave, gas leak alarms, and other types of alarm devices, based on this paragraph, gas leak detection alarm device intelligence is imperative. This system is mainly for conventional gas, liquefied petroleum gas leak detection, alarm. This system has the following characteristics: with MCU control circuit is simple, cheap, and good reliability. Enhanced 51 microcontroller, the MQ2 gas sensors, gas leak emits light and sound the alarm, this system can be used as a smart home security system! Keywords: gas leak。 gas sensor III 目錄 1 引言 .............................................................. 1 煤氣泄漏檢測報(bào)警裝置的背景及意義 ............................................................. 1 煤氣泄漏報(bào)警器的現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................... 2 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) ............................................................................................................. 3 2 煤氣泄漏檢測報(bào)警裝置的方案設(shè)計(jì) .................................... 4 設(shè)計(jì)思想 ............................................................................................................. 4 氣體傳感器的選型 ............................................................................................. 4 氣體傳感器介紹 ………………………… ……………………………… 4 氣體傳感器的選定 ……………………………………………………… 7 煤氣泄露報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ................................................................. 8 煤氣泄露報(bào)警器工作原理 ……………………………………………… 8 煤氣泄露報(bào)警器的結(jié)構(gòu) ………………………………………………… 8 裝置功能說明 ..................................................................................................... 9 裝置主體圖 .......................................................................................................... 9 3 煤氣泄漏檢測報(bào)警裝置的硬件部分設(shè)計(jì) .............................. 10 STC12C5A60S2 系列單片機(jī)簡介 .................................................................... 10 STC12C5A60S2 系列單片機(jī)的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................ 12 管腳說明 ……………………………………………………………… .12 引腳電路的連接 ……………………………………………………… ..14 振蕩器特性 …………………………………………………………… .15 單片機(jī)領(lǐng)域前景及發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ........................................................................... 15 STC12C5A60S2 系列單片機(jī)最小應(yīng)用系統(tǒng) .................................................... 16 電源電路 ……………………………………………………………… .16 時(shí)鐘電路 ……………………………………………………………… .17 復(fù)位電路 ……………………………………………………………… .18 IV 傳感器電路 ....................................................................................................... 19 MQ2 傳感器介紹 …………………………………………………… ...19 傳感器電路的連接 …………………………………………………… .21 顯示電路 ........................................................................................................... 21 串口下載模塊 ................................................................................................... 22 關(guān)于 RS232………………………………………………………… ...22 4 煤氣泄漏檢測報(bào)警裝置的軟件部分設(shè)計(jì) ............................... 24 主程序設(shè)計(jì)流程與編程 ................................................................................... 24 主程序設(shè)計(jì)流程圖 …………………………………………………… .24 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊的編程 ........................................................................................ 26 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊的結(jié)構(gòu) ………………………………………………... 26 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊程序 ………………………………………………… ...26 5110 液晶模塊的編程 .................................................................................... 27 液晶模塊編程模式 …………………………………………………... 27 液晶模塊程序 ……………………………………………………… ...27 報(bào)警主程序 ..................................................................................................... 31 5 煤氣泄漏
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