【正文】 優(yōu) □ 良 □ 中 □ 及格 □ 不及格 論文（設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書）所體現(xiàn)的整體水平 □ 優(yōu) □ 良 □ 中 □ 及格 □ 不及格 評(píng)定成績(jī)： □ 優(yōu) □ 良 □ 中 □ 及格 □ 不及格 （在所選等級(jí)前的□內(nèi)畫“√”） 教研室主任（或答辯小組組長(zhǎng)）： （簽名） 年 月 日 教學(xué)系意見： 系主任： （簽名） 年 月 日 論文 (設(shè)計(jì) ) 內(nèi)容及要求： 一、 論文內(nèi)容 ，主要包括處理器最小系統(tǒng)、 3 路 AD/DA 采集電路、組繼電器控制電路、 RS485 通信電路 等； 2. 完成軟件程序的編寫，主要包括系統(tǒng)初始化、 AD/DA 驅(qū)動(dòng)、 485 通信協(xié)議等； RS485 遠(yuǎn)程通信采集 3 路節(jié)點(diǎn)信號(hào)，并能反饋 2 路模擬控制量。 ⑥ 2020 年 6 月 9 日 —2020 年 6 月 12 日 畢業(yè)論文答辯。在這些環(huán)境中，遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)采集與控制系統(tǒng)有著其巨大優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以本文便提出一種基于 RS485 通信的遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)采集與控制的方法。本文首先對(duì)涉及的 RS485 協(xié)議進(jìn)行介紹，其次會(huì)給出遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)采集與控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案，硬件設(shè)計(jì)中包括 單片機(jī)應(yīng)用電路、電源穩(wěn)壓電路、AD 采集電路、 DA 電路、 RS485 接口電路、繼電 器控制電路幾個(gè)部分的硬件 電路設(shè)計(jì)。本設(shè)計(jì)的的采集模塊不局限某一單一用途，可以完成溫度、濕度、壓力、流量、位移、電壓、電流等模擬量的采集。 關(guān)鍵詞： RS485；遠(yuǎn)程通信；數(shù)據(jù)采集；遠(yuǎn)程控制 南華大學(xué)船山學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） ii Design of the Remote Acquisition and Controller based on RS485 Communication Abstract: In some poor and very dangerous conditions, such as deep well, strong radiation space which do harm to human beings and the space which is inconvenient for human39。s almost impossible to make onthespot prehensive data analysis and decisions. In these conditions, remote data acquisition and control system has its great advantage. In some other conditions whose management is decentralized and data collection is large, to make onthespot data acquisition bees very plicated, so remote data acquisition is a good and convenient way. This article will put forward a remote data acquisition and control method that is based on RS485 munication. Its purpose of the design is to realize threechannel data acquisition processing, twochannel data feedback device, twochannel way relay control remote control. First, this article will introduce the RS485 protocol. Then, this article will give the hardware design scheme of remote data acquisition and control system. The hardware design includes microcontroller application circuit, power supply voltage regulator circuit, AD sampling circuit and DA circuit, RS485 interface circuit and relay control circuit part of the hardware circuit design. Finally, practical software design scheme will be design scheme includes the overall design and implementation, system initialization, RS485 bus, relay control, DA output control program, the AD acquisition program design. Collection module of this design is not limited, and not just for a single use, it can plete many collection, for example, temperature, humidity, pressure, flow, displacement, analog quantities voltage, and current .The system interface is simple and reliable, and its uses is various and flexible. Keywords: RS485。 data acquisition and control南華大學(xué)船山學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） iii 目 錄 1 緒 論 .................................................................................................................... 1 研究的背景與意義 .......................................................................................... 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................. 2 本文主要工作內(nèi)容 .......................................................................................... 3 系統(tǒng)分析 .......................................................................................................... 4 任務(wù)要求 ................................................................................................. 4 設(shè)計(jì)方案論證 ........................................................................................ 4 總體設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 6 本文章節(jié)安排 .................................................................................................. 7 RS232/422/485 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...................................................................................... 8 RS232 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) .......................................................................................... 9 RS422/485 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ................................................................................... 9 RS485 通訊協(xié)議 .......................................................................................... 12 ModBus 協(xié)議 (RTU 模式 ) .................................................................. 12 多功能電能表通訊規(guī)約 (DL/T6451997) ........................................... 15 RS485 應(yīng)用要點(diǎn) .......................................................................................... 16 本章小結(jié) ........................................................................................................ 16 3 基于 RS485 通信遠(yuǎn)程采集與控制器的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 17 硬件系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................ 17 單片機(jī)應(yīng)用電路 ............................................................................................ 18 電源模塊電路 ................................................................................................ 20 主從機(jī) RS485 接口電路設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................... 21 繼電器控制電路 ............................................................................................ 24 2 路 DA 轉(zhuǎn)換電路 .......................................................................................... 25 TLC5615 簡(jiǎn)介 ...................................................................................... 25 TLC5615 功能框圖 .............................................................................. 25 南華大學(xué)船山學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） iv TLC5615 引腳功能 .............................................................................. 26 TLC5615 推薦工作條件 ...................................................................... 26 TLC5615 的時(shí)序 .................................................................................. 27 TLC5615 的兩種工作方式 .................................................................. 27 DA 電路 ..................................................