【正文】 general pollution of natural water bodies, and can directly access the water quality of increasingly scarce, hard to meet the needs of people39。由于靈寶市生活用水的流量較大、 SS 含量高、氮磷等也都需 要有一定的去除。工程的興建，一方面為人們提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的生活污水，提高人們的生活質(zhì)量和健康水平；另一方面是工業(yè)用水水質(zhì)得到保障。因此，必須建立一座生活污水處理廠。 近年來，隨著靈寶市經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷發(fā)展，人口和工業(yè)產(chǎn)值也隨之增加，生活用水和工業(yè)用水的需求也急劇擴(kuò)大，如此必然引起污水量的增加，一系列水環(huán)境問題將日益 突出。 80 年代以來，廢水生物處理新工藝 的研究、開發(fā)和應(yīng)用，已在全世界范圍內(nèi)得到了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)展，并出現(xiàn)了許多新型的廢水生物處理技術(shù)。加之自然水源的季節(jié)變化和地區(qū)差異，以及自然水體遭到的普遍污染，致使可能直接取用的優(yōu)質(zhì)水量日益短缺，難以滿足人們生活和工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)日益增長(zhǎng)的需求，因此保護(hù)和珍惜水資源，是整個(gè)社會(huì)的共同職責(zé)。某城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠初步設(shè)計(jì) 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 靈寶市污水處理 廠 初步設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 水是人類的生命之源，它孕育和滋養(yǎng)了地球上的一切生物，并從各個(gè)方面為人類服務(wù)。但是，水環(huán)境中的淡水資源卻很少，僅占總量的 %，而目前能供人類直接取用的淡水資源僅占 %。所以說水資源是基礎(chǔ)性自然資源、戰(zhàn)略性經(jīng)濟(jì)資源，水資源安全屬于資源和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全。這些新工藝有的已在國(guó)內(nèi)外實(shí)際工程中得到了良好的應(yīng)用，有的已顯示出其良好的應(yīng)用發(fā)展前景、得到廣大的研究者和工程技術(shù)人員的關(guān)注并正在得到不斷深入的研究，他們的共同特點(diǎn)是高效、穩(wěn)定、節(jié)能，并具有對(duì)污染物去除的多功能性，大多具有脫氮除磷等深度處理的良好效能，并正朝自動(dòng)化控制的方向發(fā)展。如不及時(shí)對(duì)產(chǎn)生的污水進(jìn)行治理，那么靈寶市的水環(huán)境污染將嚴(yán)重下去，整個(gè)市區(qū)的生活環(huán)境和生態(tài)平衡都將受到更為嚴(yán)重的破壞，而這一切的恢復(fù)將是十分緩慢的，要為之付出的代價(jià)也十分昂貴。污水通過治理可以緩解和減輕水環(huán)境污染，緩解水資源的供需矛盾，為靈寶市的經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造有利條件。本設(shè)計(jì)是針對(duì) 靈寶市的實(shí)際情況而設(shè)計(jì)的。 A2/O 在同時(shí)脫氮除磷去除有機(jī)物的的工藝中，該工藝流程最為簡(jiǎn)單，總水力停留時(shí)間也少于同類其他工藝，在厭氧 — 缺氧 — 好氧交替運(yùn)行下，絲菌不會(huì)大量繁殖， SVI 一般小于 100，不會(huì)發(fā)生污泥膨脹等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。s life and industrial and agricultural production is increasing, so protect and cherish water resources, is a mon responsibility of society as a whole. So water is the foundational natural resource and strategic economic resources, water resources security belongs to resources and economic security. Since the 80 s, a new process for biological treatment of wastewater in the research, development and application, it has been great progress in worldwide, and led to many new types of wastewater biological treatment technology. Some of these new techniques has got good application in practical engineering at home and abroad, some of which have been showing its good application prospect, receive the attention of researchers and engineers and is being constantly indepth study, their mon characteristic is high efficiency, stability, energy saving, and has the versatility of pollutant removal, most has the depth of processing such as nitrogen and phosphorus in good efficiency, and is developing in the direction of the automation control. In recent years, With the economic development of LingBao, population and industrial output also increased, the living water and industrial water demand is increasing dramatically, so will cause the increased amount of sewage, a series of water environment problem increasingly prominent. If not in time to produce sewage treatment, so LingBao serious water environment pollution, the whole urban living environment and ecological balance will be more serious damage, the recovery of all of 某城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠初步設(shè)計(jì) 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） IV these will be very slow, to pay the price is also very expensive. So we must build a sewage treatment plant. Sewage through governance can relieve and reduce the water pollution of the environment, ease the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, for the economic and cultural development of LingBao create favorable conditions. Engineering construction, on the one hand provide people with the high quality of sewage, improve people39。 On the other hand is the industrial water quality guaranteed. This design is designed according to actual situation of LingBao. Because of its high LingBao life water flow, high SS content, nitrogen and phosphorus are also need to have a certain removal. A2O denitrification and phosphorus removal at the same time in the process of the anic matter, the process is the most simple, always similar hydraulic retention time is less than other processes, the alternating anaerobic anoxic aerobic running, bacteria will not thrive, SVI generally less than 100, advantages of sludge bulking will not occur. KEY WORDS: Wastewater Treatment， A2/O， Nitrogen and phosphorus removal某城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠初步設(shè)計(jì) 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） V 目 錄 前 言 ....................................................................................................... 1 第 1 章 設(shè)計(jì)概論 .................................................................................... 3 設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)和任務(wù) ........................................................................ 3 原始依據(jù) ........................................................................... 3 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 .......................................................................... 3 設(shè)計(jì)要求 .......................................................................... 4 第 2 章 工藝流程圖的確定 .................................................................... 5 工藝流程的方案比較 ............................................................... 5 SBR 工藝 .......................................................................... 5 氧化溝工藝 ...................................................................... 6 A2/O 工藝 .......................................................................... 7 工藝流程的選擇 ........................................................................ 8 污水處理工藝 ................................................................. 9 污泥處理工藝 .................................................................11 第 3 章 主要構(gòu)筑物計(jì)算 ...................................................................... 13 污水主干管 .............................................................................. 13 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) ........................................................................ 13 泵前中格柵 .................................................................... 13 污水提升泵房 .......................................................................... 15 泵后細(xì)格柵 ............................................................................... 17 沉砂池 ...................................................................................... 18 初沉池 ...................................................................................... 20 A2/O 工藝 .......................................................