【正文】 ，這樣對(duì)綠色能源的需求越來越迫切，勢(shì)必會(huì)蓄電池電動(dòng)車輛的使用量大幅度增加。 關(guān)鍵 詞 智能充電器 ADuC824 TL494 鉛酸蓄電池 基于單片機(jī)的智能電池充電器的設(shè)計(jì) II DESIGN OF INTELLIGENT CHARGER BASED ON SINGLECHIP MICROCOMPUTER ABSTRACT In the past, as the charger cannot be based on the status of rechargeable battery data to analysis it cannot be carried out the mode, which is suitable. It has been using a highcurrent charge, which is result in more lower efficient for battery charger, reduces service life. Because of it, I design an intelligent charger, which is controlled by singlechip microputer. According to the state of battery, ADuC824 singlechip microputer will control and output a PWM pulse, in turn, leadacid battery will be charged through to fourstage charge such as trickle charge, constant current charging, constant voltage charging and floating charge, it can also show the current charging phase through the output terminal of singlechip microputer and can terminate charging automatically. A warning buzzer will sound to remind the user that it is already full of batteries. KEY WORDS intelligent battery charger ADuC824 TL494 leadacid battery 基于單片機(jī)的智能電池充電器的設(shè)計(jì) 目 錄 摘要 ..................................................................................................................................................................... Ⅰ ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................................... Ⅱ 1 緒論 ................................................................................................................................................................1 研究背景 .........................................................................................................................................1 充電技術(shù)的發(fā)展概述 ............................................................................................................1 充電器的技術(shù)水平、現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ...................................................................2 2 鉛酸蓄電池的工作原理及充放電過程 ..............................................................................3 鉛酸蓄電池的基本概念 ......................................................................................................3 鉛酸蓄電池的工作原理 ......................................................................................................6 鉛酸蓄電池電動(dòng)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)生 .......................................................................................6 鉛酸蓄電池放電過程的電化反應(yīng) ........................................................................6 鉛酸蓄電池充電過程的電化反應(yīng) ........................................................................7 鉛酸蓄電池充放電后電解液的變化 ...................................................................7 蓄電池的充電工作特性 ......................................................................................................7 充電終止條件控制方法 ................................................................................................... 12 電壓控制 ....................................................................................................................... 12 定時(shí)控制 ....................................................................................................................... 13 溫度控制 ....................................................................................................................... 14 智能充電器的充電過程 ................................................................................................... 14 3 智能充電器的硬件設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................. 15 智能充電器的總體設(shè)計(jì)要求及設(shè)計(jì)方案 .......................................................... 15 基于單片機(jī)的智能電池充電器的設(shè)計(jì) 單片機(jī)部分 ................................................................................................................................ 16 ADuC824 的介紹 ......................................................................................................... 16 單片機(jī)電路部分 ........................................................................................................ 21 充電電路設(shè)計(jì)部分 ............................................................................................................... 22 充電電路電源部分 ..................................................................................................... 22 控制電路 ......................................................................................................................... 22 檢測(cè)電路 ......................................................................................................................... 25 4 智能充電器的軟件設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................. 28 主程序軟件設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................... 29 子程序軟件設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................... 30 5 結(jié)論 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32 致謝 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33 參考文獻(xiàn) .......................................................................................................................................................... 34 附錄 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 附錄 1 總電路圖 ............................................................................................................................... 35 附錄 2 源程序