【正文】 甲基苯胺、甲烷氯化物等；甲醇羰基化可生產(chǎn)醋酸、醋酐、甲酸甲酯等重要有機(jī)合成中間體，它們是制造各種染料、藥品、農(nóng)藥、炸藥、香料、噴漆的原料，目前用甲醇合成乙二醇、乙醛、乙醇也日益受到重視。發(fā)展國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)緊缺，特別是可以替代石油化工產(chǎn)品的甲醇下游產(chǎn)品，是未來(lái)大規(guī)模發(fā)展甲醇生產(chǎn)， 提高甲醇競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的主要方向。甲醇有巨毒，誤飲 5～ 10毫升能雙目失明，大量飲用會(huì)導(dǎo)致死亡。最早從木材干餾得到所以又稱(chēng)木醇或木精。 分子結(jié)構(gòu)： C 原子以 sp3 雜化 軌道成鍵， O原子以 sp3 雜化軌道成鍵。蒸汽壓 (100mmHg ℃ )。自燃點(diǎn) ℃ 。沸點(diǎn) ℃ 。相對(duì)密度 (20/4℃ )。分子式 CH4O。s source of heat,which is energysaving. Understanding of this issue through the design development process and the methanol distillation research status at home and abroad, familiar with the methanol distillation process, and technical equipment. The aspen software is applied to a preliminary balance of five column. Making a preliminary design for the condenser of higerpressure column. Finally draw the process flow chart, flow chart with a control point of materials, equipment layout drawings and equipment. Keywords： Methanol Distillation Multieffect distillation Aspen Plus process simulation 安徽建筑工業(yè)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 4 第一章 綜述 ......................................................................... 6 概述 .................................................................................................................... 6 .................................................................................... 6 甲醇的用途 .............................................................................................. 6 國(guó)內(nèi)甲醇的工業(yè)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展前景 .............................................................. 8 國(guó)內(nèi)外甲醇生產(chǎn)工藝技術(shù) ......................................................................... 9 粗甲醇的組成 ........................................................................................ 14 工藝流程選擇 .................................................................................................... 15 ......................................................................................... 16 ......................................................................................... 18 ....................................................................... 19 ................................................................................................ 22 選擇甲醇工藝流程的依據(jù) ................................................................................... 23 甲醇精餾殘液回收技術(shù) ...................................................................................... 23 換熱器 ............................................................................................................... 25 ............................................................................................ 25 ........................................................................... 26 第二章 五塔工藝條件設(shè)計(jì) .................................................. 27 物料衡算 .......................................................................................................... 27 操作條件 ............................................................................................... 27 物料衡算 ............................................................................................... 27 五塔的精確計(jì)算 ................................................................................................. 34 五塔塔板數(shù) .............................................................................................. 34 五塔實(shí)際模擬 ........................................................................................... 37 第三章 加壓塔 冷 卻器 的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 41 確定設(shè)計(jì)方案 .................................................................................................... 41 確定物性數(shù)據(jù) .................................................................................................... 41 ..................................................................................... 41 工藝結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸 ........................................................................................ 42 換熱器核算 ........................................................................................................ 44 確定折流擋板形狀和尺寸 .................................................................................. 48 波形膨脹節(jié) ....................................................................................................... 49 設(shè)備主要附件的選擇 ....................................................................................... 49 接管及法蘭的選型 ............................................................................... 49 左管板的選型 ...................................................................................... 51 換熱管的選擇 ...................................................................................... 52 左管箱短節(jié)的選擇 ............................................................................... 52 50 萬(wàn)噸 /年甲醇精餾工段及加壓塔冷卻器設(shè)計(jì) 5 左管箱封頭的選擇 ............................................................................... 53 左管箱隔板的選擇 ............................................................................... 53 左管箱法蘭和密封墊片的選型 .............................................................. 53 右管板 ................................................................................................. 54 右管箱設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................ 54 鞍座的選型 .......................................................................................... 54 設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果一覽表 .............................................................................................. 54 結(jié)論 ...................................................................................... 56 參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................................................... 57 符號(hào)說(shuō)明 ............................................................................... 58 附圖 ...................................................................................... 59