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攝影測量外文翻譯--數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測量和激光掃描文化遺產(chǎn)文檔的一體化-展示頁

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【正文】 oved considerably by the integration of semiautomatic tools based on digital image processing. Additionally, laser scanning has bee a standard tool for 3D data collection for the generation of high quality 3D models of cultural heritage sites and historical buildings [Boehler and Marbs 2020]. These systems allow for the fast and reliable generation of millions of 3D points based on the runtime of reflected light pulses. This results in a very effective and dense measurement of surface geometry. Current limitations regarding the measurement rates, accuracy, or spatial point density will further disappear in the near future, thus laser scanning seems to bee the dominating approach for the generation of 3D documentations and presentations of heritage sites. Despite the considerable progress of these approaches, there are still some limitations, which have an effect on the quality of the final 3D model. Even though current laser scanners can produce large point clouds fast and reliably, the resolution of this data can still be insufficient, especially if edges and linear surface features have to be collected. In the contrary, the digital photogrammetry is more accurate in outline rendition, especially if they are clearly defined in the reality. On the other hand, image based modeling alone is difficult or even impractical for parts of surfaces, which contain irregular and unmarked geometrics details. Additionally, the identification of points to be measured, being manual or semi automatic, requires a long and tedious work, especially if a considerable number of points has to be captured. The plete coverage of spatially plex objects like heritage sites can only be guaranteed, if data collection is realized from different viewpoints. Even though this is possible in most scenarios, problems can result from the fact that setting up and dismounting the plete laser system is relatively time consuming. In contrast to that, the effort to collect additional images with a standard digital camera can almost be neglected. Additionally, pared to laser scanning there are fewer restrictions on the range of measurements during image collection, which simplifies the selection of different viewpoint in order to cover the plete structure of the object. For this reason, it can be advantageous to plete a geometric model, which has been generated from the laser measurement, based on intensity images captured independently from the range data. By these means object geometry, which is not available in the range data due to occlusions is provided based on photogrammetric measurements. Thus, the highest possible degree in efficiency and flexibility of data collection will be possible, if both techniques are bined during data processing. In our approach this integration helps to improve the geometry and visual quality of the collected 3D model. During data collection the information on edges and linear surface features like cracks is based on the analysis of the images, whereas information on object geometry is provided from the laser data. Additionally, areas, which are not accessible in the laser scanner data due to occlusions are added based on semiautomatic evaluation of the imagery. By these means, a plete 3D features for the scene can be generated with sufficient and clear details. Within the paper the presented approaches are demonstrated in the framework of a project aiming at the generation of a 3D virtual model of the AlKhasneh, a wellknown monument in Petra, Jordan. In section 2 the collection and preprocessing of the relevant image and LIDAR data is discussed. This preprocessing is mainly required in order to coregister laser and image data for further processing. Section 3 exemplarily presents our feature extraction approach using the hybrid system for the left door of AlKhasneh. 2 DATA COLLECTION AND PREPROCESSING The collection of the data, which has been used for our investigations, was performed in cooperation with the Hashemite University of Jordan. One of the project goals is the generation of a 3D documentation of the AlKhasneh monument in Petra city, Jordan, which is depicted in Figure 1. AlKhasneh Monument The ancient Nabataean city of Petra has often been called the eighth wonder of the ancient world. Figure 1. AlKhasneh facade, Petra Petra city in southwestern Jordan prospered as the capital of the Nabataean empire from 400 . to . 106. Petra39。 the standard deviation of the distance measurement is 6 mm for a single shot. The system is able to measure 5000 points per second. During data collection a calibrated video snapshot of 768x576 pixel resolution is additionally captured, which is automatically mapped to the corresponding point measurements. In addition to the laser data, digital images were captured for photogrammetric processing using a Fuji S1 Pro came
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