高技能工人流入匈牙利：一個(gè)關(guān)于副產(chǎn)品的外商直接投資外文翻譯-展示頁
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【正文】 r, 2020, Volume 33, Number 4, Pages 422438 作 者： Annam225。ria Inzelt 原 文： The inflow of highly skilled workers into Hungary: a byproduct of FDI Abstract The paper examines the flow of highly skilled workers employed by foreign panies in Hungary. It explores the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and tacit knowledge flows through the mobility of highly qualified workers in this age of globalisation. The paper shows that mobility is a very important factor in the transfer of knowledge linked to the movement of capital— to FDI. The paper analyses the potential transfer of knowledge and skills from advanced market economies to Hungarian panies as acpanying FDI. The analysis is based on a pioneering survey on businessled mobility. Keywords FDI Braincirculation CEE 1 Introduction Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a relatively new phenomenon in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs). The transition of CEECs towards market economies made them an important target for foreign investors. FDI has played a fundamental role in the transformation of the Hungarian economy. Foreign shareholdings changed rapidly during the transition period, but the percentage of ordinary shares or of voting rights in an enterprise were not a reliable indicator since, on many occasions, relatively minor foreign investors exercised management influence. In the internationalised economy, one of the most important stimulators of mobility is business— principally in the shape of foreign direct Clearly, businessdriven migration both can and does play an important role in acquiring and disseminating knowledge and in aggregating skills for the purpose of generating still further knowledge. Mobility of highly skilled workers (HSWs) is a byproduct of FDI. The braingain in managerial and technological fields is extremely crucial for the transition economies. Among the different types of businessled immigrants, the first to arrive in Hungary in the initial phase of transition were, of course, managers. Foreign owners came here (or seconded existing employees) for the initial years of FDI— either to smooth out the collaboration process or simply to train locals in the jobs, whilst applying tight controls. The importance of seconded Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) should not be underestimated inthe process of knowledgeflow, of the transfer of technology and in changing both corporate rules and behavioural routines. In the late 1990’s, other types of professionals were also imported by business: professionals such as development engineers and designers. As a result, many different types of knowledge assets flowed into the country, channelled through these professions. This process is consistent with global tendencies. The globalising learning economy needs more mobile human resources, and the assumption is that the mobile person transfers his/her embodied knowledge on a jobtojob,employertoemployer and sectortosector basis,across borders and regions. In consequence, it is important to understand the profile of HSWs for FDIreceiving countries. This study focuses on the businessled iners to Hungary employed by foreign (affiliated) panies in
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