【正文】 析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。根據(jù)第四段中的“The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it.”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要敘述了隨著越來越多的機器人具有人性化，參與者就可能越不會犧牲機器人。故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question:‘ Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives?’可知，在這項研究中，參與者可能必須決定何時犧牲機器人。故選B。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。Robot Saved, People Take the HitD.Robots, A Must for FutureB.Certain moral status should be attached to robots.D.Humanized robots offer less help to people.B.what robots should be like（3）What can be inferred from Paulus39。where to experience risksC.How to find more applications.（2）In the study the participants probably have to decide ________. A.How to treat them in life.C. This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot, says Paulus. One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could e into conflict with their intended function—to be of help to us.（1）What has bee a concern about robots? A. According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives? The participants were faced with a hypothetical (假設(shè)的) moral dilemma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized (人性化的) to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine. Robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding application as household helps and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them bees ever more urgent.高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專項訓(xùn)練 閱讀理解(科普環(huán)保)一、高中英語閱讀理解科普環(huán)保類1．犇犇閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Developmental Psychology at LudwigMaximiliansUniversitaet (LMU), have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles. The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (無名的) humans.How to humanize them.B.How to use them effectively.D.when to sacrifice a robotB.which robot to work withD. words? A.Humanizing robots too much may be improper.C.Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A.Humanized Robots, A New TrendC.Humanized Robots, Replace Human【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，隨著越來越多的機器人具有人性化，它們承擔(dān)越來越多樣化的專業(yè)和日常任務(wù)，人們?nèi)绾慰创麄?，如何對待他們的問題變的迫在眉睫。根據(jù)第一段中的“As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them bees ever more urgent.”可知，隨著越來越多的機器裝備了最新的人工智能，承擔(dān)著越來越多的專業(yè)和日常任務(wù)，人們?nèi)绾慰创鼈円约叭绾螌Υ鼈兊膯栴}變得越來越緊迫。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。故選A。根據(jù)最后一段中的‘This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot,’ says Paulus. One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could e into conflict with their intended function—to be of help to us.可知，Paulus認為讓機器人人性化的嘗試不應(yīng)該走得太遠，可以推斷出，Paulus認為過多地人性化機器人可能是不合適的。 （4）考查主旨大意。因此標題“機器人被拯救，人類就會承受打擊”最切題，故選C。2．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose longterm health benefits when they move in with a female partner. It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner. Women still have the strongest longterm influence over the couple39。 The report, by Newcastle University39。 The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partner Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.have few changes of their dietary habitshave to eat more unhealthy foodsC.t like foods high in fat and sugar at alltry to eat foods that their girlfriends like（2）The underlined word light (in Paragraph 4) probably means ________. A.B.C.D.s Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________. A.when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habitsC.it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner（4）From the passage, we can infer that ________. A.s influence on themB.couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partnerD.Don39。B.Boyfriends make you fatD. （1）考查細節(jié)理解。故選D。根據(jù)第四段中的“salads, fruit and vegetables”可推斷，light在此是“清淡的”的意思，脂肪和糖的含量比較少。 （3）考查推理判斷。 （4）考查推理判斷?？蛇xA。紐卡斯爾大學(xué)的營養(yǎng)學(xué)專家的研究表明，同居讓女人發(fā)胖讓男人更健康。故選C。3．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 Tablets are really useful