【正文】 導目的狀語從句通常由 so that, in order that引導讓步狀語從句通常由although, though等連詞引導比較狀語從句通常由as…as, 比較級 + than…等連詞引導地點狀語從句常常由where, wherever來引導本節(jié)課主要學習時間狀從和條件狀從。）觀察：①When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.②When we arrived at the scene and see blood everywhere., we called an ambulance. 小結：表示“當(在)……時候”時，when相當于at that time或during that time，既指時間點，也可指一段時間，引導的從句可用瞬間動詞，也可用延續(xù)性動詞(相當于while)翻譯：我正要出去時電話響了。所以，while 從句一般用的是進行時，而另一件事的狀態(tài)沒有硬性的要求，根據(jù)具體情況而定。Mr. Black walked around and offered help　　we were doing an experiment.A. while 　　 B. although 　 C .until 　　 D. unless【注意】while 也可用作并列連詞, 譯為“然而，可是”，表示一種強烈的轉折對比關系。as 從句一般可以翻譯成“邊……邊……”。例如：The students took notes as they listened. 學生們邊聽課邊做筆記。因此，as 常常翻譯成“隨著……”之意。2. As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer. when, while, as 的互換　　如果從句動作和主句動作同時發(fā)生，并且從句動作為延續(xù)性動詞時，when，while，as 可以互換使用。例：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2）當從句的動作發(fā)生于主句動作之前，只能用when 引導這個從句，不可用as 或 while。例： As the day went on, the weather got worse.　(9)改錯When the days go on , the weather is getting colder and colder.考點： 觀察：① While in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. ② He often makes mistakes when speaking English.小結：當when, while引導的時間狀語從句，從句和主句的主語 ，或者從句主語是 且從句中含有 ，可以省略從句中的 和 。（用省略句） 的用法1）這兩個連詞意義相同。否定形式表達的意思是“直至某時才做某事”?！　】隙ň洌篒 slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜時醒了?！　》穸ň洌篠he didn39。clock. 她直到6點才到。t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽車停穩(wěn)后再下車。Till 在口語中用得比較多?！ot until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.They walked till /until it was dark. (主句動詞是持續(xù)動詞)Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back. (主句動詞是瞬間動詞)Exercise:：李華的朋友一直等著他直到他來。：Till next week we’ve put off the party. :I didn’t leave until she came back. not until she came back I .（倒裝句） she came back leave.?。◤娬{句）　He served as Ming Pao’s editorinchief until he in 1989. Yong also founded Hong Kong’s major Chineselanguage newspaper MingPao in 1959,and served as its editorinchief until retiring in 1989. 1．Before是主句動作發(fā)生在從句的前面。Please don’t go to bed before you finish your homework.The robber had run away before the police arrived. 觀察兩個句型： ①It was half a year before I came 。小結：It will be/ was +一段時間+before…一般現(xiàn)在時 / 一般過去時 可譯為： It will not be/ was not +一段時間+before…一般現(xiàn)在時/ 一般過去時 可譯為：練習： It will be a long time we see each other again. It was a long time before I (find) a series of suitable methods.2．After表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。例如： He arrived after the game started.Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands　　you eat.　　 B. after　　 C. while　 　D. before students are supposed to be quiet before the papers ____________ (hand) out.由since，ever since引導的時間狀語從句，表示主句動作開始的時間，譯為“自…以來”?！纠縃e has taught us Maths since he came here. Where have you been since I saw you last？It is/has been ten years since I worked in the hospital.注意：對 since 引導的時間狀語提問要用how long練習：’s thousands of years since the Great Wall ________ (build). How amazing!As is reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad..改錯：It is a long time before I saw you last. soon as 用法表示主句發(fā)生的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后，意為“一…就…”?！纠縈y brother went out as soon as I got home. I39。ll be ready to discuss it with you 　　 you have time.　　 B. whenever　　 C. however　 　D. wherever時間狀語從句中較難掌握的幾點：①在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子中,1）如果主句動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，要用肯定句，【例】 I studied hard until 12 o39。t go to bed until his mother came back②由since， for， by， before 來引導的時間狀語從句。通常主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，【例】If it rains, they won’t go to the park on Sunday. 考試中常見的考點有：要學生區(qū)別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句.如： I want to know if he will e here tomorrow I want to know if it rains he will e here tomorrow二、條件狀語從句(連詞：if, unless)，翻譯為 “如果...”,在條件狀語從句里，謂語動詞通常用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。 如果主句是一般過去時，從句用過去的某種時態(tài)If it doesn39。t know if he will e tomorrow.，意為“如果不；除非..”，unless和if…not同義，通常二者可以換用。We will go there tomorrow unless it rains.= We will go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.3.“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句” 在意思上相當于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復合句。t act to protect the environment. =The situation will be worse _________ people act to protect the environment. 課堂練習：1.—I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy?—Yes. It ha