【正文】 no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)研究表明空氣污染可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人的智力下降，并且隨著年齡的增長，其可能會(huì)阻礙認(rèn)知能力。Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible ________ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research ________ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test ________ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (認(rèn)知的）performance . It ________ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people bee older.3．閱讀下列材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。for為介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填marking。 （10）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它在宋朝成為正式確立的節(jié)日，自明清以來就和春節(jié)一樣流行。故填appeared。句意：“中秋”一詞最早出現(xiàn)在著名的古籍《周禮》中。date back to固定短語，“追溯到”，故填to。 （7）考查介詞。toy為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)上文their可知玩具不止一個(gè)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 （6）考查名詞。本句中make做非謂語動(dòng)詞，表目的應(yīng)用不定式。 （5）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。本句為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句修飾先行詞an evening celebration，且做介詞in的賓語，指“慶?！被顒?dòng)應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。 （4）考查定語從句。句意：這一天被稱為中秋節(jié)，因?yàn)樵谝荒甑倪@個(gè)時(shí)候，月亮是最圓最亮的。故填eighth。句意：中秋節(jié)在農(nóng)歷八月十五。故填is celebrated。本句中主語與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且描述客觀事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。 The MidAutumn Festival celebrations date back ________ more than 2,000 years. The word MidAutumn first ________(appear) in the famous ancient book Zhou Li. However, it was not until the early Tang Dynasty that people celebrated the day as a traditional festival. It became an ________(official) established festival during the Song Dynasty, and has bee as popular as the Spring Festival since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Celebrations have continued ever since and more customs for ________(mark) this occasion have been formed.【答案】 is celebrated；eighth；brightest；which；to make；toys；to；appeared；officially；marking 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中秋節(jié)。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及賓語從句，非謂語動(dòng)詞，代詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，名詞，副詞，定語從句以及形容詞等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。句意：雖然這些飛行時(shí)間很長，也很累，而且常常會(huì)持續(xù)好幾天，但馬丁喜歡她的工作，希望她能每天都飛。本句為不定式to do作目的狀語，故填to gather。 （9）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們前往風(fēng)暴中心(或風(fēng)眼)，那里沒有風(fēng)，也尋找最強(qiáng)的風(fēng)，幫助沿海地區(qū)的人們?yōu)榧磳⒌絹淼娘L(fēng)暴做好準(zhǔn)備。from…to…固定短語，“從……到……”，故填to。修飾動(dòng)詞drop應(yīng)用副詞，故填typically。 （6）考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)探空儀降落在10000英尺的海面上時(shí)，它會(huì)發(fā)出有關(guān)空氣溫度、壓力、濕度以及風(fēng)速和風(fēng)向的信息。主語是dropsondes與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填are set。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。 （3）考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)風(fēng)力增強(qiáng)，向加勒比海和美國海岸線旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，馬丁和她的飛行團(tuán)隊(duì)立即行動(dòng)起來。本句為賓語從句，因?yàn)閺木渲腥鄙儋e語，指代事物，故填what。 （1）考查賓語從句。s surface.s ing. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft ________there39。s team ________(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm ________ They use instruments called dropsondes, which ________(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and ________(direct) of the wind. Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects ________（英語）高考英語語法填空各地方試卷集合匯編及解析一、語法填空1．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 she describes as vital data, to save life and property.When winds pick up, ________(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and ________(she) flight team spring into action. On an eighthour flight, Martin39。the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, ________s no wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for what39。(gather) data closer to the ocean39。 Though these flights can be long,________(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.【答案】 what；spinning；her；are set；direction；typically；to；where；to gather；tiring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Cathy Martin 以及她的團(tuán)隊(duì)是如何收集數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測颶風(fēng)的。句意：每年有六個(gè)月的時(shí)間，她是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)收集她所說的“重要數(shù)據(jù)，以拯救生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)”。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。spin與邏輯主語wind是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填spinning。修飾名詞flight team使用形容詞性物主代詞，故填her。句意：他們使用一種叫做下投式探空儀的儀器，這種儀器從飛機(jī)后部的管子中釋放出來。 （5）考查名詞。根據(jù)上文名詞并列結(jié)構(gòu)the speed and可知，應(yīng)填名詞，故填direction。句意：在8小時(shí)的飛行中，馬丁的團(tuán)隊(duì)從風(fēng)暴的一邊飛到另一邊時(shí)，通常會(huì)放下15到20個(gè)探空儀，試圖覆蓋盡可能多的地面。 （7）考查介詞。 （8）考查定語從句。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞center，且在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。句意：有時(shí)，他們會(huì)使用無人駕駛飛機(jī)收集更接近海洋表面的數(shù)據(jù)。 （10）考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文系動(dòng)詞be可知，應(yīng)填形容詞作表語，修飾物，故填tiring。2．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The MidAutumn Day is a very important traditional festival in China. It takes its name from the fact that it ________(celebrate) in the middle of the autumn season. The MidAutumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the ________ (eight) lunar month. The day is known as the Moon Festival, as at that time of the year the moon is at its roundest and ________(bright). It is an evening celebration in ________ families gather together and eat moon cakes. Besides, ________(make) the house more beautiful, people will hang red lanterns in front of it. On that day, people look back on the past and look forward to the future together. Children will play with their own ________(toy) and enjoy themselves.說明了中秋節(jié)的時(shí)間、節(jié)日活動(dòng)以及節(jié)日的歷史。句意：它的名字來源于它是在秋季中期舉行的慶?；顒?dòng)。主語為it，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。 （2）考查數(shù)詞。中秋節(jié)是在農(nóng)歷的“第八個(gè)”月份，故應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞“第八”eighth。 （3）考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文roundest and可知應(yīng)填形容詞最高級，表示“最亮的”，故填brightest。句意：這是一個(gè)晚上的慶?；顒?dòng)，家人聚在一起吃月餅。故填which。句意：此外，為了使房子更漂亮，人們會(huì)在房子前面掛紅燈籠。故填to make。句意：孩子們會(huì)玩自己的玩具，玩得很開心。故填toys。句意：中秋節(jié)的慶?；顒?dòng)可以追溯到2000多年前。 （8）考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處描述“中秋”一詞最早出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。 （9）考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞establish應(yīng)用副詞，故填officially。句意：從那以后，慶?；顒?dòng)一直在繼續(xù)，并形成了更多紀(jì)念這一時(shí)刻的習(xí)俗。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，數(shù)詞，形容詞，定語從句，非謂語動(dòng)詞，名詞，介詞，副詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to ________ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with ________ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth