【正文】 oeia:(擬聲）It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object(animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的)of some action or movement。加詞翻譯的原則是所加的詞原文雖然沒有,然而卻包含了這層意思。See,save and serve 在用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí), 賓語實(shí)際上隱含在動(dòng)詞后面, 譯成漢語時(shí)需要把它表達(dá)出來。漢語疊詞、象聲詞等修辭法。 their slopes flow streams feeding the oases strung along the rim of inland , 潺潺而下, 滋潤著鑲嵌于內(nèi)陸沙漠邊緣的片片綠洲?！禦eader’s Digest》 哎呀哎呀!我怎么辦呢?我失去了妻子,又丟了最好的帽子 duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.————《英語學(xué)習(xí)報(bào)》）Alliteration:(頭韻）It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(間隔)and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called ”front rhyme.For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed , 或一個(gè)詩行中, 用了幾個(gè)以同樣字母開頭的詞。s thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(賦予)a college, or a ,將一系列詞語由大到小,!Alas!What shall I do?I39。16)Apostrophe：(頓呼）In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person(dead or absent)is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being !awake!awake!awake!英格蘭，醒來吧，醒來吧，醒來吧————《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》20154 is like You, O Lord, among the gods?耶與華啊，眾神之中誰能像你？ ————《圣經(jīng)》 分析：突然的發(fā)出，表現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)。 me liberty, or give me ，否則殺了我。14）Antithesis:(對(duì)照）It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve example, speech is silver。————《Reader’s Digest》 [New York]has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great man, the haughtiest beggars, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers, the dolefulest pleasures of any town I ever saw.——— 這座城市(指紐約)里有的是心靈最空虛的百萬富翁,人格最渺小的偉人,最目空一切的乞丐,最使人瞧不上眼 的美女,最骯臟齷齪的摩天大樓,與最乏味的娛樂,比我所見到過的任何城市都有過之而無不及。這也是一種矛盾修辭法,用兩種不相調(diào)與的特征形容一個(gè)事物, miserable，merry 。羅馬不是一天建成的，一年也不行。（童年時(shí)代可決定人之未來）三歲看大，四歲看老。 is no garden without its weed表面意思沒有不長草的花園，言外之意沒有什么是完美的————《Fortune》 proof of the budding is in the eating 表面意思布丁好不好，吃了才知道，言外之意實(shí)踐出真知————《Forbes》 12）Paradox:(仿擬）It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems selfcontradictory, absurd or contrary toestablished fact or practice, but which onfurther thinking and study may prove to be true, wellfounded, and even to contain a succinct example more haste, less ,改動(dòng)其中部分詞語, haste, less speed。 is a man who is most dependable when you are not in need————《free talk》你不需要時(shí)他總是最值得依賴的11）Allegory（諷喻）an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances。不是說教般告訴人們“ Smoking is harmful to your health”,該公益廣告以反語的形式將這個(gè)意思表達(dá)了出來,從而創(chuàng)造出輕松而幽默的氛圍,使他更易于被讀者接受。 t listen.....they39。這些專家們來到這里的目的是想證明主張人類祖先來自叢林的進(jìn)化論與上帝按照天機(jī)，依其形象創(chuàng)造人類并安排到這個(gè)世界上來的看法，是并行不悖的。 house detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her scornfully from his gross jeweled face.————《英語文學(xué)周報(bào)》20152 探長用他那雙夾在面部隆起的肉堆中的豬眼睛輕蔑地將她上下打量了一番。 talked about great people as if she had the feesimple of May fair, and when the court went into mourning, she always wore black.————《英語文學(xué)周報(bào)》20151 她一開口就是某某勛爵某某大人，那口氣竟好象她生來就是貴族。也是正話反說，反話正說，一般需借助于特定的上下文與語境才能被正確理解。9）Irony:(反語）It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real 的含義比漢語的反語廣泛。要傳達(dá)出原作的這種美學(xué)效果,必須進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性翻譯。————《英語文摘》20149 原文通過諧音使用一種稱為Pun的修辭格,構(gòu)造出“一語雙關(guān)”的藝術(shù)意境。————《Nature Magazine》 must all hang together, or we shall hang , 否則我們將被一個(gè)個(gè)地絞死。s body。s bread and work for was dressed in ,或用全體代替部分,或特殊代替一般 hand,make light ,用hands表示干活的人 ————《economist》 2..The fox goes very well with your .————《Reader’s Digest》 was reported that China won the volleyball ：在這次排球賽中，中國隊(duì)贏了?！禦eader’s Digest》此例中 a pair of heavy boot(一雙笨重的靴子)屬于Metonymy 譯文加詞為“一個(gè)穿著笨重靴子的人” baby was brought up on the 。這里的anything可以指“不幸”，甚至“死亡”是委婉的修辭格 sanitation engineer 替代garbage man(清潔工) the disadvantaged替代 the poor(窮人) industrial action替代 strike(罷工)——《網(wǎng)絡(luò)》6）Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of instance, the pen(words)is mightier than the sword(forces).借喻不直接說出所要說的事物, the war was over，he laid down the sword and took up the ，他棄戎從文————《economist》 the pen maybe mightier than the 。————《英語文摘》20152 want to crash you in my arms and cover you with all my kisses 我要擁你入懷，吻遍你。 the house was cold，closed，and ，門窗緊閉，一點(diǎn)也不友好。3）Personification:(擬人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and example, the wind whistled through the sun smiled down on the green meadows 太陽向著綠茵茵的草地俯首微笑————《natural science》20151 ancient wilderness dreamed, stretch