【正文】 prevent tra?c light control is aplex optimization problem and several intelligent algorithms, such as fuzzy logic, evolutionary algorithms, and reinforcement learning(RL)have already been used in attemptsto solve this paper we describe a modelbased, multiagent reinforcement learningalgorithm for controlling traffic our approach, reinforcement learning [Sutton and Barto, 1998, Kaelbling et al., 1996]with roaduserbased value functions [Wiering, 2000] is used to determine optimal decisionsfor each traffic decision is based on a cumulative vote of all road users standingfor a traffic junction, where each car votes using its estimated advantage(or gain)of settingits light to gainvalue is the difference between the total time it expects to waitduring the rest of its trip if the light for which it is currently standing is red, and if it is waiting time until cars arrive at their destination is estimated by monitoring cars flowingthrough the infrastructure and using reinforcement learning(RL) pare the performance of our modelbased RL method to that of other controllersusing the Green Light District simulator(GLD).GLD is a traffic simulator that allows usto design arbitrary infrastructures and traffic patterns, monitor traffic flow statistics such asaverage waiting times, and test different traffic light experimental resultsshow that in crowded traffic, the RL controllers outperform all other tested also test the use of the learned average waiting times for choosing routes of cars through the city(colearning), and show that by using colearning road users can avoidbottlenecks.第三篇：外文翻譯設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)位于十字路口的智能交通燈控制系統(tǒng)摘要：本文模型使用模糊本體的交通燈控制域，并把它應(yīng)用到控制孤立十字路口。The times is a automation times nowadays,traffic light waits for much the industey equipment to go hand in hand with the puter under the control ,a good traffic light controls system,will give road aspect such as being crowded,controlling against rules to give a technical the fact that the largescale integrated circuit and the puter art promptness develop,as well as artificial intelligence broad in the field of control technique applies,intelligence equipment has had very big development,the main current being that modern science and technology develops main body of a book is designed having introduccd a intelligence traffic light function being intelligence traffic light navar’s turn to be able to e true has：The crossing carries out supervisory control on four main traffic of some downtown area。第3部分是就相關(guān)問(wèn)題得出結(jié)論。結(jié)果表明，在擁擠的交通條件下，聚類控制器性能優(yōu)于其它所有測(cè)試的非自適應(yīng)控制器，我們也測(cè)試?yán)碚撋系钠骄却龝r(shí)間，用以選擇車輛通過(guò)市區(qū)的道路，并表明，道路使用者采用合作學(xué)習(xí)的方法可避免交通瓶頸。我們對(duì)自己的聚類算法模型和其它使用綠燈模擬器的系統(tǒng)做了比較。在我們的方法中，聚類算法與道路使用者的價(jià)值函數(shù)是用來(lái)確定每個(gè)交通燈的最優(yōu)決策的，這項(xiàng)決定是基于所有道路使用者站在交通路口累積投票，通過(guò)估計(jì)每輛車的好處(或收益)來(lái)確定綠燈時(shí)間增益值與總時(shí)間是有差異的，它希望在它往返的時(shí)候等待，如果燈是紅色，或者燈是綠色。采用先進(jìn)的傳感器和智能優(yōu)化算法來(lái)優(yōu)化交通燈控制系統(tǒng)，將會(huì)是非常有益的。在研究中，我們著重于微觀模型，該模型能模仿單獨(dú)車輛的行為，從而模仿動(dòng)態(tài)的車輛組。例如避免交通擁堵被認(rèn)為是對(duì)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)都有利的，但改善交通流也可能導(dǎo)致需求增加。由于道路使用者的不斷增加，現(xiàn)有資源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施有限，智能交通控制將成為一個(gè)非常重要的課題。本文主要從單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用上來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)十字路口交通燈智能化的管理，用以控制過(guò)往車輛的正常運(yùn)作。在世界范圍內(nèi)，一個(gè)以微電子技術(shù)，計(jì)算機(jī)和通信技術(shù)為先導(dǎo)的，一信息技術(shù)和信息產(chǎn)業(yè)為中心的信息革命方興未艾。本文介紹了一個(gè)智能交通的系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。因此，一個(gè)好的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)，將給道路擁擠，違章控制等方面給予技術(shù)革新。附件2：外文原文（復(fù)印件）Network Security 1 Introduction For the first few decades of their existence,puter networks were primarily used by university researchers for sending ,and by corporate employees for sharing these conditions,security did not get a lot of now,as millions of ordinary citizens are using networks fou banking,shopping,and filing their tax returns,network security is looming on the horizon as a potentially massive is a broad topic and covers a multitude of security problems are intentionally caused by malcious people trying to gain some benefit or harm security problems can be divided roughly into four intertwined areas:secrecy,authentication,nonrepudiation,and integrity has to do with keeping information out of the hands of unauthorized is what usually es to mind when people think about network deals with determining whom you are talking to before revealing sensitive information or entering into a business deals with signatures:how do you prove that your customer really placed an electronic order for ten million letfhanded doohickeys at 89 cents each when he laterclaims the price was 69 cents?Finally,how can you be sure that a message you received was really the one sent and not something that a malicious adversary modified in transit or concocted?And all thes issues(secrecy,authentication,nonrepudiation,and integrity control)occur in traditionl systems,too,but with some significant getting into the solution themselves,it is worth spending a few moments considering where in the protocol stack network security is probably no one single layer has something to the following sections,we will study network security from several Computer VirusIn our healthconscious society,viruses of any type are an viruses are especially can and do strike any unprotected puter system,with results that range from merelyannoying to the disastrous,timeconsuming and expensive loss of software and with corporations increasingly using puter for enterprisewide,businesscritical puting,the costs of virusinduced downtime(the time during which a machine, puter is not working or is not able to be used).are growing along with the threat from viruses is justified—but unbrdled paranoia is as proper diet,exercise and preventive health care can add years to your life,prudent and cos effective antivirus strategies can minimize your exposure to puter is Virus? A puter virus is a program designed to replicate and spread on its own,generally with the victim being oblivious to its viruses spread by attaching themselves to other programs(.,word processor or spreadsheet application files)or to the boot sector of a an infected file is actvated,or executed ,or when the puter is started from an infected disk,the virus itself is also ,it lurks in puter memory,wating to infect the next program that is activate,or the next disk that is makes viruses dangerous is their ability to