【正文】 day be able to talk to animals using cellphonesized equipment, says a leading expert in animal behavior. Professor Slobodchikoff is developing new technology that translates the calls of the prairie dog (草原犬鼠 ) and says the technology can be used to translate other animals39。re making these changes for longterm personal gain, so it39。t have to search too far to find how wrong this theory is. Every day we read about seemingly successful people, those who “ have it all” and find themselves in a chain of unhappy relationships or life events, which sadly end in tragedy. Charles Atlas, the famous body builder, said, “ True success lies in the development of the self.” This is a surprising philosophy (哲理 ) for someone who spent his life developing the physique (體格 ). Materially, we may be wealthy or poor, but if your inner life is not fulfilled, you will feel out of balance with the rest of your life and may try to make for this by seeking substance elsewhere — alcohol, overworking, drugs and unhealthy relationships. What does my true self look like when I take away my house, car, etc.? Note down your goals as a person. Do you recall what they were 10, 20, or even 30 years ago? Have they changed or got lost on the way? Now imagine yourself as an older person. What do you want to look like, sound like and feel like? Is this OK with you or would you like to change this picture? Answering these questions will give you clues regarding where you could work on your personal growth. Personally speaking, I see my own personal growth as developing my creativity and spirituality, while building a healthy body as my 40s progress. It sounds like a big task, but I break this down to bitesized pieces, such as making some specific changes in eating and exercise patterns, going to a yoga class, picking up one of my many unused paintbrushes and just painting something rather than taking an art school course, and suddenly that39。s so easy to treat personal development as something that is optional and so few people ever take the time to actively improve themselves. On the other hand, you may have been developing as a person, but never consider it as something that can be named. Personal growth and selfdevelopment are some of the most important activities you can do. Rather than regarding this as a selfish act, working on yourself to bee a better person benefits those around you, as well as those in your munity and workplace. Many of your actions may already be fit for “ selfimprovement ” . This selfimprovement, however, is mostly unconscious and for most people it39。s one clear message from the study. “ These findings provide opportunities to adjust our behavior in new ways to handle such health issues,” says Greer. “ Specifically, our study indicates that one choice people can make is to regularly obtain enough amounts of sleep.” 35. Matthew Walker conducted the study on sleepdeprived people to _____. A. learn more about sleep patterns B. warn of the danger of highcalorie foods C. show the importance of getting enough rest D. find the relation between brain activity and food 36. It can be inferred from the passage that _____. A. sleepdeprived people lost the motivation for eating B. sleep deprivation sped up the processing of flavor signals C. sleep deprivation had effects on the appetite for highcalorie foods D. sleepdeprived people were uninterested in the pictures of tasty food 37. Which of the following is the correct causeandeffect relationship? A. Sleep deprivation → Eating behavior → Brain activity B. Sleep deprivation → Brain activity → Eating behavior C. Brain activity → Sleep deprivation → Eating behavior D. Eating behavior → Brain activity → Sleep deprivation 38. What does the author mean by saying “ That39。s rest are more likely to experience changes in brain activity that can increase the urge to eat highcalorie foods. Matthew Walker at the University of California in Berkeley and his colleagues conducted the first study of brain activity in relation to food among sleepdeprived people. The team used fMRI (功能磁共振成像 ) to study brain patterns of 23 people, first after a night of peaceful sleep and then after a night without sleep. Sleep deprivation reduced activity in three areas of the brain that helps process flavor signals. It also led to more activity in the amygdala (扁桃腺 ), which helps govern the motivation for eating. The team also found that volunteers considered the pictures of highcalorie foods more desirable after no sleep than after a good rest. When the researchers pared people allowed to sleep as much as they wished with those who slept just twothirds of their normal time, they found that sleep deprivation had direct effects on eating behavior. “ When people were sleep deprived, they ate an extra 549 calories per day,” say the researchers. “ It may make evolutionary sense,” says Laurent Brondel at the University of Burgundy in Dijon, France. The long summer days at higher latitudes deprive animals of sleep, but animals use their time awake to eat more, which helps them get through the short days of winter when there is not enough food. “ That39。t get too little sleep, it39。s r