1、軟件工程xxxx研序言-文庫吧資料
2025-02-23 12:26本頁面
【正文】 提供高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品。 CQUPT 葛君偉 31 概論 軟件危機(jī) ? 為什么提出軟件工程？ ?造成軟件危機(jī)的原因 ?軟件產(chǎn)品是復(fù)雜的人造系統(tǒng)，具有復(fù)雜性、不可預(yù)見性和易變性，難以處理。 ?包括以上所有浪費(fèi)的費(fèi)用，僅美國每年在軟件開發(fā)上浪費(fèi)的費(fèi)用就在 6070 billion美元。 –問題：時(shí)間清零問題 CQUPT 葛君偉 26 The problem only gets worse as IT grows ubiquitous ?Of the IT projects that are initiated, from 5 to 15 percent will be abandoned before or shortly after delivery as hopelessly inadequate. ?Many others will arrive late and over budget or require massive reworking. ?Few IT projects, in other words, truly succeed. CQUPT 葛君偉 27 WHEN A SOFTWARE PROJECT FAILS, … ?it jeopardizes an anization’s prospects. ?it may steal the pany’s entire future. – A poorly implemented resource planning system led FoxMeyer Drug Co., a $5 billion wholesale drug distribution pany in Carrollton, Texas, to plummet into bankruptcy in 1996. CQUPT 葛君偉 28 WHEN A SOFTWARE PROJECT FAILS, … ?IT failure in government can imperil national security. – The $170 million VCF (FBI’s Virtual Case File) system instead ended without any system’s being deployed. ?IT failures can stunt economic growth and quality of life. – AIR JAM: The . Federal Aviation Administration spent $ billion trying to upgrade its airtraffic control system from 1981, only to cancel the project in 1994. Gridlocked skies are still with us today. 由航班延誤造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失累計(jì)高達(dá) 500億美元。 CQUPT 葛君偉 25 國內(nèi)失敗案例 ?神州飛船 –返回的前天晚上，發(fā)現(xiàn)異常，發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)通訊有短暫不成功。 – 分析：異常指令－內(nèi)存?zhèn)飨聛矸治觯l(fā)現(xiàn)是軌道計(jì)算發(fā)現(xiàn)尋址跳變。系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)是分散到五個(gè)子程序，變量在前一個(gè)模塊被清掉，需要姿態(tài)正常，才能開發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。 CQUPT 葛君偉 19 Canceling ERP ?In October 2023, the giant British food retailer J Sainsbury PLC had to write off its US $526 million investment in an automated supplychain management system. ?It seems that merchandise was stuck in the pany’s depots and warehouses and was not getting through to many of its stores. ?Sainsbury was forced to hire about 3000 additional clerks to stock its shelves manually CQUPT 葛君偉 20 Oxford Health Plans ?New billing system cannot keep up with expanding business, resulting in uncollected payments of $400 million from patients and $650 million owed to caregivers. ?October 1997 announcement of quarterly loss triggers stock price to drop from $68 to $26 in one day, wiping out $ billion in corporate value. Company later pays investors $225 million to settle lawsuits. CQUPT 葛君偉 21 Sydney Water Corp. ?Project to automate customer information and
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