【正文】
e individuals,…. [though it] is not an effective primary prevention strategy for uninfected participants‖ ―HIV 咨詢與檢測(cè)項(xiàng)目似乎提供了一個(gè)有效的 HIV 陽(yáng)性個(gè)體輔助預(yù)防方法 ……(盡管)這對(duì)未感染人群并非有效的主要預(yù)防策略” Many Controlled Trials Since: 大量對(duì)照試驗(yàn): HIV CT among most wellstudied of the HIV prevention interventions 大多數(shù)進(jìn)行了充分研究的 HIV 預(yù)防干預(yù)方法均采用 HIV 對(duì)照試驗(yàn)方法 – 1991 – 2023, ~ 20 controlled trials evaluated various CT approaches in highrisk persons with status unknown partners 1991 至 2023 年間,約 20 項(xiàng)針對(duì)有未知血清狀態(tài)性伴侶的高危人群對(duì)照試驗(yàn)評(píng)估了各種對(duì)照試驗(yàn)方法 – Of these, at least 9 were conducted in STI patients 其中,至少有 9 例為 STI 患者 – All involved offering (n=5) or requiring (n=4) an HIV test 所有受試者都進(jìn)行 (n=5) 或必須進(jìn)行 (n=4) 一次 HIV 檢測(cè) Controlled Trials (N=9) of HIV/STI Prevention Counseling/Testing in STI Patients (cont) 在 STI 患者中進(jìn)行的 HIV/STI 預(yù)防咨詢 /檢測(cè)的對(duì)照試驗(yàn) (N=9)(續(xù)) ? Interventions ranged in plexity: 根據(jù)復(fù)雜程度進(jìn)行干預(yù)等級(jí)劃分: ? Brief Interactive RR Counseling 2 session pretest/posttest interventions (. Client Centered Counseling, MI) 簡(jiǎn)短的互動(dòng) RR 咨詢 — 兩次會(huì)談的檢測(cè)前 /后干預(yù)(例如,以患者為中心的咨詢, MI) – Enhanced – multiple sessions (range, 3 to 7) based on behavioral science theories 強(qiáng)化 — 多次會(huì)談( 3 到 7 次),基于行為科學(xué)理論 – Skills Building – single session 技能培養(yǎng) — 一次會(huì)談 ? Comparison groups varied 不同的群體比較 – Information alone or typical services (n = 6) 僅提供信息或典型服務(wù) (n=6) – Interactive RR counseling (., CCC) (n = 3) RR 互動(dòng)咨詢(例如: CCC) (n=3) Efficacy of HIV/STD Prevention Counseling among STI patients HIV/STD 預(yù)防咨詢對(duì) STI 患者的效果 6/8 . studies evaluating STI outes found STI reductions with prevention counseling 6/8 美國(guó) 評(píng)估 STI 效果的研究 發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)防咨詢使 STI 有所減少 0 1 Shain et al 等 1999 RESPECT et al 等 1998 TAKE et al 等 1998 O’Donnell et al 等 1997 Boyer et al 等 1997 Cohen et al 等 1992 Cohen et al 等 1991, 2 studies 2 項(xiàng)研究 N 617 5878 964 2023 393 551 192 GRP IND GRP DEM IND DEM DEM Effectiveness of PCC PCC 的效果 ? Shown effective in two RCTs (PCC vs. ―clientcentered counseling‖) conducted between 1998 and 2023 1998 年和 2023 年的兩次 RCT(隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn))( PCC 對(duì)比“以患者為中心的咨詢”)證明 PCC 有效 ? Each conducted in SF‘s largest HIV anonymous testing site 兩者都是在舊金山最大的 HIV 匿名檢測(cè)地進(jìn)行 ? Participants: (N=248 and 336) 參與人數(shù):( N=248 和 336) ? diverse group of MSM who had hx of UAI in past yr w/another man whose serostatus was unknown or known to be +。 39 (4): 446453 i Does Counseling Assoc‘d w/Testing Change High Risk Behavior? 與檢測(cè)相關(guān)的咨詢是否會(huì)改變高危性行為? ? 2 review articles of 1980s, early 1990s assessing effectiveness of HIV counseling 20 世紀(jì) 80 年代和 20 世紀(jì) 90 年代初的兩篇評(píng)論文章評(píng)估了 HIV 咨詢的效果 – Higgins, 1991, JAMA (24 studies) Higgins, 1991, JAMA( 24 項(xiàng)研究) – Weinhardt, 1991, AJPH (27 studies through 1995) Weinhardt, 1991, AJPH( 1995 年進(jìn)行了 27 項(xiàng)研究) ? Co