【正文】
在路由器上啟動(dòng) OSPF協(xié)議 聲明相應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)入 OSPF路由進(jìn)程 查看 OSPF路由信息 Show ip route 查看 OSPF協(xié)議配置信息 Show ip protocol 查看 OSPF鄰居路由器信息 Show ip ospf neighbor 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. 957 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—955 Router show ip ospf interface Verifying OSPF Operation ? Displays area ID and adjacency information Router show ip protocols ? Verifies that OSPF is configured Router show ip route ? Displays all the routes learned by the router 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—953 OSPF劃分區(qū)域 Area2 Area1 Area0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—951 OSPF協(xié)議概述 ? 適應(yīng)大規(guī)模網(wǎng)絡(luò) ? 路由變化收斂速度快 ? 無路由自環(huán) ? 支持區(qū)域劃分 ? 提供路由分級(jí)管理 ? 支持驗(yàn)證 ? 支持以組播地址發(fā)送協(xié)議報(bào)文 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—949 查看 IGRP 信息 RouterAsh ip protocols Routing Protocol is igrp 100 Sending updates every 90 seconds, next due in 21 seconds Invalid after 270 seconds, hold down 280, flushed after 630 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Ining update filter list for all interfaces is Default works flagged in outgoing updates Default works accepted from ining updates IGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 IGRP maximum hopcount 100 IGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: igrp 100 Routing for Networks: Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 100 00:01:01 Distance: (default is 100) S2 E0 S3 S2 S3 A B C E0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—947 配 置 IGRP Router(configrouter)work worknumber ? 指定可以到達(dá)的網(wǎng)絡(luò) Router(config)router igrp autonomoussystem ? 指定 IGRP為 IP路由協(xié)議 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—945 ? 帶寬 ? 延遲時(shí)間 ? 可靠性 ? 負(fù)載 ? 最大傳輸單元 kbps kbps IGRP 路徑選擇 Source Destination 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—943 debug ip rip 命令 RouterAdebug ip rip RIP protocol debugging is on RouterA 00:06:24: RIP: received v1 update from on Serial2 00:06:24: in 1 hops 00:06:24: in 2 hops 00:06:33: RIP: sending v1 update to via Ether0 () 00:06:34: work , metric 1 00:06:34: work , metric 3 00:06:34: RIP: sending v1 update to via Serial2 () 00:06:34: work , metric 1 S2 E0 S3 S2 S3 A B C E0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—941 查看 RIP信息 RouterAsh ip protocols Routing Protocol is rip Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 0 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Ining update filter list for all interfaces is Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 1, receive any version Interface Send Recv Keychain Ether0 1 1 2 Serial2 1 1 2 Routing for Networks: Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 120 00:00:10 Distance: (default is 120) S2 E0 S3 S2 S3 A B C E0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—939 ? 激活 RIP協(xié)議 Router(config)router rip Router(configrouter)work worknumber ? 選擇所能到達(dá)的網(wǎng)絡(luò) ? 必須是有效的網(wǎng)絡(luò) RIP 配 置 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—937 ? 指定 IP路由協(xié)議 Router(config)router protocol [keyword] ? 指定與路由器直接相連的網(wǎng)絡(luò) Router(configrouter)work worknumber 動(dòng)態(tài)路由配置 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—935 鏈路狀態(tài)協(xié)議 傳遞最佳的路徑信息給其它的路由器 LSP數(shù)據(jù)包 SPF 運(yùn)算 拓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù) 最佳路由信息 路由表 C A D B 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—933 解決方法: HoldDown 計(jì)時(shí) 路由器在 HoldDown時(shí)間內(nèi)將該條記錄標(biāo)記為 possibly down以使其它路由器能夠重新計(jì)算網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化 Network is down then back up then back down Update after holddown Time Network is unreachable A B C E0 S0 S0 S1 S0 E0 X Update after holddown Time 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—931 解決方法:路由毒殺 路由器將該路由信息的跳數(shù)標(biāo)記為無限大 A B C E0 S0 S0 S1 S0 E0 X Routing Table S0 S0 S0 S0 1 2 0 Infinity Routing Table E0 S0 S0 S0 1 2 0 0 Routing Table S0 S1 S1 E1 1 2 0 0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—929 解決方法:定義最大跳數(shù) 指定最大跳數(shù)來防止路由回環(huán) A B C E0 S0 S0 S1 S0 E0 X Routing Table S0 S0 S0 S0 1 2 0 16 Routing Table E0 S0 S0 S0 1 16 0 0 Routing Table S0 S1 S1 S0 16 1 0 0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—927 路由器 A 根據(jù)錯(cuò)誤的信息升級(jí)它的路由表 路 由 回 環(huán) A B C E0 S0 S0 S1 S0 E0 X Routing Table S0 S0 S0 S0 1 2 0 2 Routing Table E0 S0 S0 S0 1 4 0 0 Routing Table S0 S1 S1 S0 3 1 0 0 169。 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. ICND—925 路 由 回 環(huán) 緩慢的收斂容易造成路由信息的不一致 A B C E0 S0 S0 S1 S0 E0 X Routing Table S0 E0 S0 S0 1 2 0