【正文】
mpathetic(同情的),concerned(擔(dān)憂/焦慮的),doubtful(懷疑的),sarcastic(諷刺/嘲笑地)disgust,radical(極端/激進(jìn)的),tolerant(寬大/容忍的),disappointed閱讀理解中各類信號詞面對閱讀理解,作為考生不僅要注意文章中的實(shí)詞部分,還應(yīng)該了解起連接作用的各類信號詞。2) 作者對某一問題所持的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)解題技巧:首先,應(yīng)看清問題問的是什么,然后在文中找到相應(yīng)的句子,對句子中暗示作者觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵詞、句,尤其是重要的形容詞和副詞,進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析,然后作出正確的推斷。如:read(),reread(),reader(, 讀物),readable(),reading (,讀物)6. 作者態(tài)度題該題型原本屬于推理題,后由于出題方式和答題技巧不同于一般意義上的推理題,所以單獨(dú)講述,便于考生理解。譬如,例1的前一個(gè)分句中是“吵吵鬧鬧地談?wù)摗保?后一個(gè)分句為轉(zhuǎn)折,那么其中的意思肯定是“不大開口”, 此意就基本符合該單詞的原義了。 they never fall out .3. Nowadays some young people are not thrifty, since they often squander (浪費(fèi))money. 這里的“對照”,指的是前后兩句(并列的或主從的)在意思上是對立的或相反的。(5)對照(Contrast ) 讀者也可以利用語句中所使用的對比表達(dá)法得到某個(gè)單詞詞義的線索。例如:1. His hobby is reading periodicals, such as Time Magazine, Newsweek , Reader’s Digest , ”periodical”這個(gè)詞,也可以由其后的 “such as..” 悟出含義。試通過下面兩例中的相關(guān)信息判斷下面黑斜體部分的意思。這種意思雖然和單詞的原義不完全一樣,但對理解本句的內(nèi)容來說,已經(jīng)足夠了。例如:1. He is very fastidious .It is extremely hard to please and satisfy him.2. We can’t put up with the chairman’s arbitrariness, He often makes decisions without consulting other members of the mittee.3. Carbon monoxide is a noxious gas, it is almost fatal. People exposed to it too long will die without immediate medical help. 例1和例2中下劃線的單詞的意思分別從后面的重述中可以清楚地看出來:意為“挑剔”,arbitrariness“武斷”。其典型提問方式有:1)The word “______ ”(, line 3 )probably means ______. 2)The author uses the word “…” to mean ______. 3)Which of the following is closest in meaning to “______”? 這種題型 有以下幾種解題技巧:(1)釋義(Definition) 這指生詞的詞義在其后面的一個(gè)短語或一個(gè)句子中得到解釋。5. 詞匯題該題是為了測試考生根據(jù)不同的語境判斷、猜測單詞、短語或句子語意的能力。其典型的提問方式有:1) It can be inferred from the passage that ______.2) It is implied from the passage that ______.3) It can be concluded from the passage that ______.4) The author suggests that ______.5) What does the passage imply about ______.6) Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?注 意: infer 從讀者角度看,即讀者的推理。2)觀點(diǎn)絕對化的選項(xiàng)不是答案。其特點(diǎn)是答案可能是潛在的或是弦外之音。解題技巧:該題的答案與文章的內(nèi)容有邏輯關(guān)系。其推理范圍包括針對全文內(nèi)容的推理,某一段落的推理,作者某一觀點(diǎn)的推理等。常見的提問方式為:Where would this paragraph most probably appear (be found)?4. 推理題這種題型主要測試考生根據(jù)所讀短文的字面意思或已知信息判斷作者的暗指或隱含意思。常見的題型有:What does the paragraph preceding (following) this one probably discuss?The paragraph preceding (following) this may ______.3) 針對文章出處的推斷此類題主要是根據(jù)文章所述內(nèi)容的特點(diǎn),來推斷文章是選自一本雜志、廣告、通知還是一本書的序言等。若是論述文,要弄清文章是本著從一般到特殊,還是從特殊到一般的原則論述的;若是敘述文或說明文,要弄清文章的時(shí)空發(fā)展順序及分類原則。注意兩種標(biāo)志詞:1. 先總結(jié)說明,后舉例,提示詞為 for example 等 2. 先舉例,后總結(jié)說明,