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our country.4. 同一名詞的不同含義。I see you’ve made some drawings of our defence works.A chemical works has been put up in my home town.3. 不可數(shù)名詞表示量的方法。I’ve got a job for you, wash these bowls.He has a good job in a bank.He has been out of a job for months.work是指具體的“工作”,是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:You’re sure to have some fun at the New Year’s party. Don’t make fun of John.例2 Mother does all the housework in our home.例3 We have finish our ________.A. homework B. homeworks C. job D. workshomework和housework均沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。wife—wivesleaf——leaveswolf—wolvesbeef—beeves以o結(jié)尾的詞,多數(shù)+es, 少數(shù)+s, 都讀/z/tomato——tomatoeshero——heroespotato——potatoesNegro——Negroesradio——radiospiano——pianoszoo———zoosphoto——photos詞形不變deer sheep Chinese Japanese有的復(fù)數(shù)在詞形上要作相應(yīng)變化:a German Germansan American Americansan Egyptian Egyptiansan Arab Arabsa Russian Russiansan Italian Italiansa Frenchman Frenchmenan Englishman Englishmen特殊變化man menwoman womenfisherman fishermenfoot feettooth teethgoose geesechild childrenmouse miceox oxenpoliceman policemen2. 抽象名詞的用法:英語中有一部分名詞用來表示抽象概念,這些抽象名詞前不加“ a ”,后不加“ s”.1)His father went to his doctor for _______ about his heart trouble.A. an advice B. some advice C. advice D. the advices又如:progress informationfun newsweather workhousework homeworkadvice為不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式??蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般在單數(shù)形式后+s , 清輔音后的s讀/s/, 濁輔音或元音后的s 讀/z/.map—maps /s/friend—friends /z/radio—radios /z/在s,x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞后+es , 此es讀/iz/fox——foxesbus—busesbox—boxeswish—wisheswatch—watchesclass—classes在以輔音字母+y的詞后,把y變成 i ,再加es, 此es讀/iz/。如:three cups of coffee, five bottles of water3. 有量詞修飾時注意名詞是否可數(shù),不可數(shù)時用單數(shù),可數(shù)時用復(fù)數(shù),如:ten bags of rice— ten baskets of eggs1. 英語句式要在主語、謂語上保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。如:English, air, water, cotton, work… 不可數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量時,可以用量詞來表達(dá)(量詞有復(fù)數(shù)形式)其結(jié)構(gòu)是數(shù)詞+量詞+of+名詞。包括物質(zhì)名詞( air, water等)及抽象名詞(advice, hate)等。4. 以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞, 變f或fe為v, 加es,如:wife — wives half— halves 注意特殊情況直接加“s”,要逐個記 chiefs, handkerchiefs, roofs.5. 以輔音加o 結(jié)尾的詞常加es, 如:tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加o結(jié)尾直接加s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos.特殊情況:photos6. 名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)特殊變化也要逐個記。 例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。 1)可數(shù)名詞: 一般來說個體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來計算,稱為可數(shù)名詞。如:Churchill(丘吉爾)、Tokyo(東京)、China(中國)等。 2. 專有名詞: 專有名詞是某些人、事物、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等特有的名稱。 D. 抽象名詞: 表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、情感等非具體化的抽象概念。如:people(人民)、police(警察)、family(家庭)等C. 物質(zhì)名詞: 表示構(gòu)成物體物質(zhì)的不可數(shù)名詞,或表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)的名詞。如:student(學(xué)生)、pen(鋼筆)、bird(鳥)等。 1. 普通名詞 普通名詞是某類人、事件、物體和抽象概念的名稱。名詞分為普通名詞和專有名詞兩大類。 如果沒有把握,不妨用完整的表達(dá)方式,如: a five—year plan→a plan of five years a ten—dollar note→a note of ten dollars a three—day conference→a conference of three days 等?! ”仨氉⒁獾氖牵@種合成形容詞中的名詞,只能以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)?! 、?Mr. Li has just bought a piece of new furniture. ② Give me a cup of cold water,please. ?、?Please put two lumps of sugar in my coffee. ?、?The boy picked up two handfuls of sand from the beach. ?、?We saw a flash of lightning in the sky. ?、?The gardener pulled out blades of wild grass from the garden. ⑦ She gave bars of chocolate to the visiting children. 有些名詞如 scissors,trousers,spectacles,tongs,pliers 等,都以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),如: ?、?The scissors are lying on the table. ?、?The spectacles fit me nicely. 如果要給這些名詞表示單數(shù)“一”的意思,就要借重單位詞了。例如: two pieces of,three cups of 和 five lumps of 等。相反的,不