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先放入消毒液浸泡2小時(shí),再用過氧乙酸熏蒸15~20分鐘,方可重新使用。因此,需采用中型冷藏車(~4t)進(jìn)行運(yùn)輸,而且應(yīng)在收集后24小時(shí)內(nèi)迅速焚毀、以免泄漏和污染環(huán)境。圖案與文字顏色清晰醒目。3)對(duì)于放射性廢棄物、強(qiáng)酸、強(qiáng)堿等,則需有特定容器盛放。專用醫(yī)療垃圾廢棄物回收桶內(nèi)層為高密度硬塑料、外層用特制材料,表層為瓦楞紙,由雙面膠粘合扣舍聯(lián)結(jié)。容器和標(biāo)識(shí)本項(xiàng)目需設(shè)計(jì)制造專用的容器,對(duì)不同種類廢物進(jìn)行包裝,對(duì)于固體廢棄物主要采用:1)高密度聚乙烯()原料所制的高強(qiáng)度滅菌塑料袋,可分為紅、黃、藍(lán)三色,用于各類污染型醫(yī)療廢棄物等。 表31 主要工程量表序號(hào)工程項(xiàng)目技術(shù)特征單位數(shù)量備注1占地面積hm2含進(jìn)廠公路2挖方m3160003填方m340004焚燒廠房磚混結(jié)構(gòu)、滿堂基礎(chǔ)m2905辦公室、會(huì)議室磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m21946宿舍磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m27衛(wèi)生間、更衣室磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m28消毒、淋浴間磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m29垃圾儲(chǔ)存間磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m210變電所磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m211消毒池鋼筋砼結(jié)構(gòu)m212車庫磚混結(jié)構(gòu)m210613道路()砼面層m72014道路()砼面層m80015鋪砌場地砼路面m233716排水明溝,m10017蓋板排水溝,C20混凝土現(xiàn)澆,鋼筋砼蓋板m5518圍墻,m21519大門,座220綠化面積hm2 分級(jí)收集、運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng) 分類收集 原則 科學(xué)的分類是消除污染、無害化處置的保證,要采用專用容器,明確各類廢棄物標(biāo)識(shí),分類包裝,分類堆放,本著及時(shí)、方便、安全、快捷的原則,進(jìn)行收集。本項(xiàng)目需新建焚燒廠房90m m宿舍、 、衛(wèi)生間、消毒、。 工程內(nèi)容無害化焚燒處理廠擬建在垃圾衛(wèi)生填埋場內(nèi)東南角,即填埋場棄土區(qū)位置,規(guī)模為日處理醫(yī)療垃圾8t。勞動(dòng)定員:30人(其中管理人員3人,生產(chǎn)工人17人和輔助工人10人)年工作日:365天(每天焚燒20個(gè)小時(shí))工程總投資:年運(yùn)行成本:,單位運(yùn)行成本896元/t年總成本:,3 工程分析 醫(yī)療垃圾來源 根據(jù)2003年5月份◎◎市衛(wèi)生局的最新統(tǒng)計(jì)資料,全市共有醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)456個(gè),實(shí)有床位19091張(其中:市內(nèi)三區(qū)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)127個(gè),實(shí)有床位7699張;礦區(qū)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)37個(gè) ,實(shí)有床位3289張;◎◎縣醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)25個(gè),實(shí)有床位736張;其他14個(gè)縣(市)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)267個(gè),實(shí)有床位7367張),日產(chǎn)垃圾量共計(jì)3627公斤(其中:市內(nèi)三區(qū)日產(chǎn)垃圾量1462公斤,礦區(qū)日產(chǎn)垃圾量625公斤,◎◎縣140公斤,其他14個(gè)縣(市)日產(chǎn)垃圾量1400公斤)。以上各標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值見表114。大氣污染物:焚燒爐外排煙氣執(zhí)行《危險(xiǎn)廢物焚燒污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB184842001)中表3的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其他污染物執(zhí)行《大氣污染物綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB162971996)表2中的二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值;噪聲:施工期噪聲執(zhí)行《建筑施工場界噪聲限值》(GB1252390)中的相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),運(yùn)營期噪聲執(zhí)行《工業(yè)企業(yè)廠界噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB1234890)中Ⅱ類區(qū)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);廢水:執(zhí)行《污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB89781996)表4中的二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)本次評(píng)價(jià)采用◎◎市環(huán)境保護(hù)局批準(zhǔn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。聲環(huán)境:廠界。 評(píng)價(jià)因子據(jù)現(xiàn)場踏勘,擬建廠址位于城市垃圾填埋場的東南角,區(qū)域環(huán)境污染源主要是垃圾運(yùn)輸和填埋過程中產(chǎn)生的粉塵、蚊蠅、滲瀝液、噪聲、有害氣體、惡臭和飛揚(yáng)物等。根據(jù)《環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)導(dǎo)則》的要求,結(jié)合該項(xiàng)目工藝特征,確定本次評(píng)價(jià)工作的內(nèi)容為:工程分析、區(qū)域環(huán)境調(diào)查、環(huán)境空氣影響預(yù)測與評(píng)價(jià)、水環(huán)境影響分析、固廢物影響分析、聲環(huán)境影響分析、醫(yī)療垃圾處理工藝和廠址可行性論證、環(huán)保措施可行性論證、清潔生產(chǎn)和總量控制、公眾參與調(diào)查、環(huán)保投資及經(jīng)濟(jì)損益分析、環(huán)境管理與監(jiān)測計(jì)劃。 水環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)工作等級(jí) 本項(xiàng)目工藝用水主要是煙氣凈化系統(tǒng)的噴淋用水,全部循環(huán)使用;另有少量的沖洗廢水,消毒達(dá)標(biāo)后由吸污車運(yùn)至垃圾填埋場的污水處理站;生活污水量很小,經(jīng)垃圾填埋場污水處理站處理后,回用于垃圾填埋場,不外排。表11 污染物等標(biāo)排放量污染物煙塵SO2NOxHF等標(biāo)排放量Pi(m3/h)106106107104表12 評(píng)價(jià)工作級(jí)別 Pi(m3/h)地形Pi≥109109Pi≥108Pi108復(fù)雜地形一二三平原二三三 由表11可知,107m3/h最大,但遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于三級(jí)評(píng)價(jià)工作等級(jí)的要求,因此本項(xiàng)目僅對(duì)大氣作環(huán)境影響預(yù)測。本項(xiàng)目各污染物的等標(biāo)排放量的計(jì)算結(jié)果見表11。 評(píng)價(jià)工作等級(jí)擬建廠址位于生活垃圾填埋場內(nèi)東南角處。 在確保環(huán)評(píng)質(zhì)量的前提下,充分利用現(xiàn)有資料,盡量縮短評(píng)價(jià)周期,滿足工程項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度的要求。 貫徹環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)為工程建設(shè)服務(wù),為環(huán)境管理服務(wù),為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)及主管部門提供決策依據(jù),注重環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)用性。從技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)角度分析擬采用治理措施的可行性,并提出避免和減少污染的對(duì)策和建議,進(jìn)而從環(huán)境保護(hù)的角度對(duì)工程的可行性做出明確的結(jié)論。分析論述項(xiàng)目擬采用工藝的先進(jìn)性和可行性。通過環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查,掌握項(xiàng)目所在地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境、社會(huì)環(huán)境及環(huán)境質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀,為環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)提供依據(jù)。非污染生態(tài)影響》(HJ/T191997);《◎◎市醫(yī)療垃圾無害化焚燒處理廠項(xiàng)目建議書(代可行性研究報(bào)告)》(煤炭工業(yè)◎◎設(shè)計(jì)研究院,2003年6月); 關(guān)于開展“◎◎市醫(yī)療垃圾無害化焚燒處理廠項(xiàng)目”環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)工作的委托書;《關(guān)于◎◎市醫(yī)療垃圾無害化焚燒處理廠醫(yī)療垃圾焚燒項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的函》(◎◎市環(huán)境保護(hù)局(函)[2003]105號(hào),);《◎◎市醫(yī)療垃圾無害化焚燒廠環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)大綱》(煤炭工業(yè)◎◎設(shè)計(jì)研究院環(huán)保工程所,2003年6月);。在大綱及報(bào)告書的編制過程中得到了◎◎市環(huán)境保護(hù)局和建設(shè)單位的大力支持和協(xié)助,在此一并致謝。2003年7月10日◎◎市環(huán)境保護(hù)局作出《關(guān)于◎◎市醫(yī)療垃圾無害化焚燒處理廠醫(yī)療垃圾焚燒項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的函》的批復(fù)(附件3)。接受委托后,我所組織有關(guān)人員對(duì)工程現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行了實(shí)地踏勘并收集了相關(guān)資料。根據(jù)國務(wù)院(98)253號(hào)令《建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境保護(hù)管理?xiàng)l例》等有關(guān)法規(guī)的要求,2003年5月16日◎◎市城市管理局填寫了《河北省建設(shè)項(xiàng)目立項(xiàng)前環(huán)境保護(hù)意見表》,◎◎市環(huán)境保護(hù)局對(duì)該表進(jìn)行了批復(fù),要求該項(xiàng)目編制環(huán)境影響報(bào)告書(見附件1)。此外,各醫(yī)院自行焚燒醫(yī)療垃圾存在著嚴(yán)重的弊端,因大多數(shù)醫(yī)院都位于市區(qū),醫(yī)療垃圾焚燒產(chǎn)生的尾氣中含有各種有毒有害的煙塵、酸性氣體、重金屬物質(zhì)和有毒有機(jī)物質(zhì),對(duì)周圍環(huán)境產(chǎn)生二次污染,極大威脅了周圍居民的身體健康。目前,我市只有市中心醫(yī)院、傳染病醫(yī)院有單獨(dú)的醫(yī)療垃圾處理設(shè)備,對(duì)產(chǎn)生的醫(yī)療垃圾自行焚燒處理。市政府于1999年投資興建一座城市垃圾衛(wèi)生填埋場,結(jié)束了◎◎市生活垃圾簡單填埋、處理不科學(xué)的歷史。醫(yī)療垃圾無害化焚燒處理廠環(huán)境影響報(bào)告書前 言◎◎市是一座具有悠久歷史和文化底蘊(yùn)的較大城市。39。 No,39。 Will you be staying in England?39。 she answered. I asked. 39。 she answered. 39。 39。 I said. 39。39。Last week at a dinnerparty, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs Rumbold. Mrs Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. the patient answered,39。s operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. He then asked when Mr Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. Then Dr Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient.39。Lesson39 Am I all right? 我是否痊愈?Lesson38 Everything except the weather 惟獨(dú)沒有考慮到天氣Olympic City39。 time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a fine new swimming pool. 39。Lesson37 The Olympic Games 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)s school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. Among them will be Erna39。clock in the morning. Erna is only fourteen years old and she hopes lo set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Erna39。Lesson36 Across the Channel 橫渡海峽Rov Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a busdriver and he was not regretted it. He is finding his new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves39。Lesson35 why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more. At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train. Ted was most surprised when he heard the news. He wasTed Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he received a letterNearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the se