【正文】
ordance with 或pursuant to 較為貼切,第二“本合同第二條”。請(qǐng)看下列各例的譯文:(1)按照本合同第二條規(guī)定的合同內(nèi)容和范圍,甲方向乙方支付的合同總價(jià)為ⅩⅩ美元(大寫(xiě)ⅩⅩⅩⅩ)。要著眼于譯文的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性和準(zhǔn)確性。(3)這一條款主要說(shuō)明了“合同雙方當(dāng)事人應(yīng)當(dāng)履行那些沒(méi)有提交仲裁的條款”,所以譯成主動(dòng)態(tài)顯得關(guān)系更明確,“在仲裁過(guò)程中”用 to be under arbitration全句譯成: In the course of arbitration, both parties shall continue to execute the contract except the part of the contract which is under arbitration.4.校改譯文、潤(rùn)色詞語(yǔ)校改譯文是從事漢譯外所必不可少的一步?,F(xiàn)就以上三條進(jìn)行逐段英譯:(1)這一條款重點(diǎn)講明了,只要雙方當(dāng)事人訂立仲裁協(xié)議,發(fā)生爭(zhēng)議首先通過(guò)友好方式解決,一旦解決不成也只能提交仲裁,英譯時(shí)應(yīng)分成兩句,第一句譯成: All the dispute arising from the execution of, or in the connection with the contract shall be settled between both parties through friendly consultations. 本句中的“在執(zhí)行本合同中所有發(fā)身的與本合同有關(guān)的“兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)之間的連詞應(yīng)選擇or決不能用 and,第一個(gè)定語(yǔ)”在執(zhí)行本合同中所發(fā)生的”譯成: arising from the execution of... 顯得更明確、具體,第二句譯成:In case no settlement to the disputes can be reached between both parties through such consultations, the disputes shall be submitted for arbitration這句中的“不能達(dá)成協(xié)議”,漢語(yǔ)原文否定動(dòng)詞,譯文否定名詞;在 settlement之后應(yīng)加譯 between both parties through such consulations,使全句完整、明晰。如通過(guò)協(xié)商不能達(dá)成協(xié)議時(shí),則提交仲裁解決”;(2)仲裁裁決是終局裁決,對(duì)雙方均有約束力”;(3)除了在仲裁過(guò)程中進(jìn)行仲裁的部分外,合同應(yīng)繼續(xù)執(zhí)行”。即:定義條款、基本條款、一般條款和結(jié)尾條款,英譯時(shí)一定要理清層次,突出重點(diǎn),對(duì)合同條款本身的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)、各條款間的制約關(guān)系應(yīng)仔細(xì)琢磨,吃透其含義,然后按英文合同問(wèn)題的語(yǔ)氣逐條翻譯。我們首先分析一下這幾個(gè)詞, belong to 的含義是指“屬于...的財(cái)產(chǎn)”;possess和 own雖然都著重于“所屬關(guān)系”但 possess只是指目前屬于某人,并沒(méi)有講清是如何得到的,而 own含有“對(duì)...合法占有”與原文意思一致,故把這一條譯成 The improved and developed technology shall be owned by the party who has improved and developed the technology.如果將“屬于”改用 belong to,其主語(yǔ)就應(yīng)該用 ownership表示“所有權(quán)屬于....”因?yàn)椤爸R(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)”是與物質(zhì)財(cái)產(chǎn)直接相聯(lián)系的,譯成:The ownership of any improved and developed technology shall belong to the party who....3.理清層次,逐條翻譯。 第二條的重點(diǎn)在于規(guī)定改進(jìn)后的技術(shù)專有權(quán)歸屬問(wèn)題。再看下面兩個(gè)條款:(1)“在合同有效期內(nèi),雙方對(duì)合同產(chǎn)品涉及的技術(shù)如有改進(jìn)和發(fā)展,應(yīng)相互免費(fèi)將改進(jìn)和發(fā)展的技術(shù)資料提供給對(duì)方使用”;(2)“改進(jìn)和開(kāi)發(fā)的技術(shù),其所有權(quán)屬于改進(jìn)和開(kāi)發(fā)一方”。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改用“to be binding neither to A, nor to B”說(shuō)明一旦合同在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)不能生效的話,合同對(duì)雙方就不具有約束力,并不是取消不取消的問(wèn)題,所以本句應(yīng)譯為:“In case the contract can not e into force within six months after the date of signing the contract, the contract shall be binding neither to party A, nor to party B”。請(qǐng)看下列條款:“本合同自簽字之日起六個(gè)月仍不能生效,雙方有權(quán)取消合同”。當(dāng)然其它詞也具有類似的情況,譯者一定要注意結(jié)合上下文仔細(xì)推敲詞義,勤查專業(yè)工具書(shū),作到詞不離句,句中求詞。s liability”。如:(1)“由乙方承擔(dān)法律上和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的全部責(zé)任”,譯為:“party B shall bear all the legal and financial responsibility arising therefrom”,bear responsibility主要表示“承擔(dān)”法律和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的責(zé)任,(注:“法律上和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的責(zé)任”不譯成“l(fā)aw and economic responsibility”)。如果把以上幾個(gè)詞套用就會(huì)使譯文詞不達(dá)意,也不象法律語(yǔ)言。要透徹理解原文,必須認(rèn)真地推敲詞義,那種孤立、片面地去理解詞義的態(tài)度,必定會(huì)出錯(cuò)?!耙皇絻煞菝糠萦脙煞N文字寫(xiě)成”,講的是用兩種文字寫(xiě)成的合同雙方各執(zhí)一份,內(nèi)容完全相同,因此直接譯成:“in duplicate in English and Chinese languages”,這里的“in duplicate”指文件一式兩份,用介詞“in”表示“用...語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)成”?!痹g:“this contract was signed in ⅩⅩon May,13,l987,each copy was written in English and Chi