托福tpo31聽力文本(word版)-文庫吧資料
2024-11-10 06:21本頁面
【正文】 sweve listened to traditional music from around the world and weve talked aboutthe characteristics of these music what makes these styles distinctive what kindsof instruments are used. And youve talked about what sounds familiar to you andwhat sounds strange. And many of you found some of what weve listened to verystrange indeed. Well today I want to start talking about western music and I am going to startin ancient Greece. But now heres the part thats different. Were not going to talkvery much about the actual music. Instead we are going to talk about what theGreeks believed about music. Now there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this well we dont have very much ancient Greek music studied. Only about 45pieces survived uh...these are mostly records of poems and songs. And we are notsure how well we can reproduce the melodies or rhythms because they wereapparently improvised in many cases. So we really dont know all that muchabout what the music sounded like. What we do know about and this really is the most important reason I amapproaching todays lecture the way I am is the Greek philosophy about musicand its continuing influence on western attitudes toward music. Now if were going to understand the philosophy we have to first understandthat music for the Greeks was about much more than entertainment. Yes therewas music at festivals and we have sculptures and paintings showing peoplelistening to music for many of the same reasons that we do. But this isnt the wholestory. The important thing about music was that it was governed by rulesmathematical rules. And for those of you who are also studying music theory youllsee that it is in fact highly mathematical. Um...and for the Greeks the same mathematical principles that govern musicalso govern the universe as well as the human character the essence ofpersonality. Peoples characters were believed to be very sensitive to youstarted playing around with the rules you know messing up the mathematicalorder you could do serious harm. Thats why music was considered so powerful. Ifyou knew the rules it could do great good. But if you broke them you could dogreat harm to the character of the listener. So we have this Greek idea that music is directly related to human characterand behavior. The philosopher Plato talks about this in the context of education. For Platomusic is an important element in education but only the right kind of music. Thatmeans the kind of music that builds the kind of character a good citizen or afuture leader would need. Yes. For Plato there is a kind of music that instills thequalities of leadership just as there is a kind of music that makes a person soft andweak. Now Plato has very specific very conventional kinds of music in mind. He isnot fond of innovation. There were musicians in Platos day who wereexperimenting with different melodies and rhythms. A definite nono for Plato. Hethinks that breaking with tradition leads to all sorts of social problems seriousproblems even the breakdown of the fabri
公司管理相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號-1