【正文】 d to the lowest point in 1979. 2． …to experience a decrease/decline … 有了減少 eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease. 修飾上升 /減少的副詞有： Rapidly ， slowly ， dramatically， respectively 表達(dá)上升 /減少的最后狀態(tài)的詞有： the highest peak， the lowest point ， 10 million ， 10% 三． 起伏 1． …to go up and down … 起伏不定 eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967. 2． There be ups and downs … 有起有伏 eg. Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in （某方面） . 四． 穩(wěn)定 1． …to remain steady/level/unchanged … 保持穩(wěn)定，幾乎不變 eg. The rate of …remaine d steady (fairly level/almost unchanged) during the four years from 1963 to 1967. 2． …to level off (vi.) eg. After a steady decline for a whole decade, the …rate shows signs of leveling off. 修飾起伏或穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的副詞有 almost fairly 可以用于表達(dá)起伏，穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的句子中的詞組或句型： the general situation was not worsening show indications of improvement it can be predicted that… eg. The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predicted that the 6 general situation was not worsening. eg. The rate of …remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in … 五． 成正比，反比 1． …be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 與 … 成正比 /反比 eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio. 六． 占百分之幾，幾分之幾 1….to form/prise/make up/constitute ….percen t … 占百分之 … eg. Women prise more than 50% of the . eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%. 2． …to form/prise/constitute a half/third/fourth of…… 占 … 的 1/2,1/3,1/4 eg. Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total. 3． …account for…percent 占百分之幾 eg. ……, accounting for approximately 20 percent of… 七． 倍數(shù) 1． A be …times as much/many as B eg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan. 2． A doubles/is half/triples B A 是 B的兩倍，一半，三倍 eg. The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year. 附一 圓盤(pán)比例型圖表 例： 一個(gè)圓盤(pán)顯示了大學(xué)生在 food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown 中的開(kāi)銷(xiāo)，它們各自占的比例依次是 60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描敘這個(gè)圓盤(pán)圖。 6. the government should make strict regulations/ laws to ban such practice/ to stop this phenomenon from spreading。 Example: Parents and children think differently on this question. Parents hold that children should work hard and do well at school. Children, however, maintain that they should have more freedom to spend their leisure time and to plan for their own future。 6. My opinion is that there is something in both of the views。 4. They think quite differently on this question。 表示不同看法的句型： opinions views have hold question problem matter 1. Different people different t on this Some believe that… Others argue that… Still others maintain that… 2. They are quite different from each other in their opinions。 4. Several factors are responsible for the phenomenon。 2. We have two good reasons for… Example: We have many good reasons to object to smoking in public places。 2. Just as a coin has two sides, everything has its advantages and disadvantages。 ) 7. It benefits us in many ways/respects。 5. …be as (not so) good as…, What he does is not so good as what he says 。 4 …be good for sb./sth. ( 對(duì) … 有益 ) 譯：蔬菜和水果有利人的健康。 Benefit from sth. (由于 … 而受益 ) 譯：我們將從技術(shù)發(fā)明中受益。 She has the advantage of good English。 關(guān)于利弊、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的句型： 1. S+have (or has) a lot of advantages over…( 與 … 相比有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn) ) Compared with B, A has (or have) many advantages。s utmost to + V = do one39。 三十四、 Pose a great threat to ~~ （對(duì) ...造成一大威脅） 例句： Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. 污染對(duì)我們的生存造成一大威脅。 三十三、 do good to （對(duì) ...有益）， do harm to （對(duì) ...有害） 例句： Reading does good to our 。 三十、 What a + Adj + N + S + V! = How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么 ...?。? 例句： What an important thing it is to keep our promise! How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守諾言是多么重要的事！ 三十一、 Leave much to be desired （令人不滿(mǎn)意） 例句： The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired. 我們的交通狀況令人不滿(mǎn)意。 二十八、 Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V （養(yǎng)成 ...的習(xí)慣） We should get into the habit of keeping good hours. 我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。 二十六、 bring home to + 人 + 事 （讓 ...明白 ...事） 例句： We should bring home to people the value of working hard. 我們應(yīng)該讓人們明白努力的價(jià)值。 二十四、 be based on （以 ...為基礎(chǔ)） 例句： The progress of thee society is based on harmony. 社會(huì)的進(jìn)步是以和諧為基礎(chǔ)的。 二十三、 It pays to + V ~~~ （ ...是值得的。 二十二、 Since + S + 過(guò)去式， S + 現(xiàn)在完成式。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。 二十、 That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是 ...的原因） 例句： Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don39。 十八、 be + forced/pelled/obliged + to + V （不得不 ...） 例句： Since the examination is around the corner, I am pelled to give up doing sports. 既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄做運(yùn)動(dòng)。 十六、 Those who ~~~ （ ...的人 ...） 例句： Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 違反交通規(guī)定的人應(yīng)該受處罰。 十四、 On no account can we+ V ~~~ （我們絕對(duì)不能 ...） 例句： On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我們 絕對(duì)不能忽略知識(shí)的價(jià)值。 十二、 By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借著 ...， ..能夠 ..） 例句： By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借著做運(yùn)動(dòng)，我們能夠始終保持健康。 十一、 The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~ The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈 ...愈 ...） 2 例句： The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈進(jìn)步。t afford to waste it. 時(shí)間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費(fèi)它。 八、 The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （ ...的原因是 ...） 例句： The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The re