【正文】 of X results in damage to ...... (Smith, 1998。 Johnson, 1990。 Jones, 2004).14. Twenty cohort study analyses have examined the relationship between .......15. At least 152 casecontrol studies worldwide have examined the relationship between......16. Other studies have considered the relationship ......17. The relationship between X and Y has been widely investigated (Smith, 1985。 Johnson, 1992).12. Previous research findings into X have been inconsistent and contradictory (Smith, 1996。 Jones .......8. Several biographies of Harris have been published. Smith presents an ........ account, whilst Jones .....9. Several studies investigating X have been carried out on ......10. Data from several sources have identified the increased morbidity and mortality associated with obesity11. Previous studies have reported ...... (Smith, 1985。 Jones 1999。 Johnson, 2001)4. Recently, in vitro studies have shown that EFTu can ...... (Patel et al., 1997。 Johnson, 2002)?3. Recent evidence suggests that ....... (Smith, 1996。 Smith, 1994)2. Numerous studies have attempted to explain ..... (for example, Smith , 1996。s (1988) view that ...... As Smith reminds us, ..............4. Elsewhere, Smith has argued that ......參考文獻(xiàn)：相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)概覽1. A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies ......2. There is a large volume of published studies describing the role of ......3. The first serious discussions and analyses of X emerged during the 1970s with ......4. The generalisability of much published research on this issue is problematic.5. What we know about X is largely based upon empirical studies that investigate how ......6. During the past 30 years much more information has bee available on ......7. In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of literature on .......8. A large and growing body of literature has investigated ......參考文獻(xiàn)：以往研究或?qū)W術(shù)活動(dòng)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)1. Many historians have argued that ...... (eg. Jones, 1987。 the point .......2. Sachs concludes: The idea of development stands today like a ruin in the intellectual landscape... (Sachs, 1992a: 156).3. As Smith argues: In the past, the purpose of education was to ...... (Smith , 2000:150).4. As Carnoy (2004: 215) states: there are many good reasons to be sceptical.描述其他作者想法的參考文獻(xiàn)1. According to Smith (2003), preventative medicine is far more cost effective, and therefore better adapted to the developing world.2. This view is supported by Jones (2000) who writes ......3. Smith argues that her data support O39。s analysis has been criticised by a number of writers. Jones (1993), for example, points out that ......6. Smith39。s analysis does not take account of ..... nor does he examine ......重申研究目的1. Part of the aim of this project is to develop software that is patible with X operating system.2. The main purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of ......3. There are two primary aims of this study: 1. To investigate ...... 2. To ascertain ......4. The aim of this research project has therefore been to try and establish what ......5. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences between ......6. The main aim of this investigation is to assess the doses and risks associated with ......7. This thesis intends to determine the extent to which ...... and whether .....8. This thesis will examine the way in which the .......9. This research examines the emerging role of X in the context of ......10. This dissertation seeks to explain the development of .......11. This case study seeks to examine the changing nature of .....12. Drawing upon two stands of research into X, this study attempts to ......13. The aim of ths study is to shine new light on these debates through an examination of ......14. The major objective of this study was to investigate ......15. One purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which these factors were ......16. The objectives of this research are to determine ......17. This study therefore set out to assess the effect of management by ......, and the effect of ......18. This study systematically reviews the data for......, aiming to provide clarity surrounding the role of .....研究問題/假設(shè)1. The central question in this dissertation asks how ......2. In particular, this dissertation will examine six main research questions:3. The hypothesis that will be tested is that ......4. The key research question of this study was thus whether or not ......5. This study aimed to address the following research questions:6. Another question is whether ......介紹方法、數(shù)據(jù)的來源1. This dissertation follows a casestudy design, with indepth analysis of ...... 2. This study was exploratory and interpretative in nature.3. The approach to empirical research adopted for this study was one of a qualitative, semi structured interview methodology.4. By employing qualitative modes of enquiry, I attempt to illuminate the ......This work takes the form of a casestudy of the ......5. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this investigation.6. Qualitative and quantitative research designs were adopted to provide both descriptive, interpretive and empirical data.7. A holi