【正文】 the supermarket yesterday.構(gòu)成：主語＋動(dòng)詞的過去式＋其他動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則：① 一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加ed 如：playplayed，listenlistened，looklooked② 結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞，加d 如：livelived，likeliked，tastetasted③ 輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再加ed 如：studystudied，carrycarried，crycried④ 末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed 如：stopstopped，planplanned⑤ 不規(guī)則變化 如：am/iswas arewere have/hashad dodid gowentsitsat telltold seesaw getgot makemadegivegave readread buybought ecame putputdrawdrew eatate flyflew meetmet runransaysaid singsang swimswam taketook一般過去時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答He watched TV yesterday.He didn’t watch TV yesterday. —Did he watch TV yesterday?—Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.They played games just now.They didn’t play games just now.— Did they play games just now?—Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.第15講 一般將來時(shí)定義：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，以及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備某事。如：Asking the wayMy hobby is collecting stamps.He is good at skating. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換：肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答He is running now.He isn’t running now. —Is he running now?—Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. They are making a puppet.They aren’t making a puppet.— Are they making a puppet?—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.第14講 一般過去時(shí)定義：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。句中常有now，look，listen等詞。句中通常有usually，often，every day，sometimes，always，at weekends，on Sundays等表示經(jīng)常性時(shí)間的短語。在英語中，不同時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，需要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式來表現(xiàn)，這就叫時(shí)態(tài)。如run（跑）, jump（跳），listen（聽）,sing（唱）,eat（吃）,think（想）等。如：Will you please open the window？ Would you like some coffee? 注意區(qū)別：I’d like… 我想要……（接名詞） 如：I’d like some tea.I’d like to… 我想要做……（接動(dòng)詞原形）如：I’d like to go with you.I like… 我喜歡……（接名詞或動(dòng)名詞）如：I like monkeys. I like reading.4） shall 在問句中表示征求對(duì)方的意見，主要用于第一人稱。 ② should意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該”，表示建議或勸告，語氣比較委婉，客氣。1）can和may都可以用來表示請(qǐng)求或允許，但may比can更正式，更客氣些。如：Do you like this film? Does she like playing football?I didn’t go to school yesterday.② 否定形式：do not = don’t，does not =doesn’t，did not=didn’t情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can，may，must，should，will，would，shall等）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，表示“可能”，“可以”，“需要”，“必須”，“應(yīng)當(dāng)”等意思。他們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。用法口訣: 我用am，你用are，is連著他，她，它；單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are.變疑問，往前提，句末問號(hào)莫丟棄變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑 如：I am a teacher. You are a student. She is a nurse. We are Chinese. ② be動(dòng)詞的否定形式：am not(無縮寫形式)，is not＝isn’t，are not=aren’t 助動(dòng)詞(do，does，did)① do，does用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，does用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其他人稱和數(shù)用do。按其詞義和在句子中的作用可以分為連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞。 如：I like summer best because I can go swimming.so “所以”，表示結(jié)果關(guān)系。 如：Do you have any brothers or sisters？I don’t have any brothers or sisters. than “比”，表示對(duì)比關(guān)系。 如：You can skate well, but I can’t .or “還是”，表示選擇關(guān)系。and “和”，表示并列關(guān)系。⑤twentytwentieth，sixtysixtieth。③eight——eighth，nine—ninth。⑤①one——first，two——second，three——third。字母f代ve，④其余“th”加后邊，“th”里有例外，②序數(shù)詞：表示順序先后。如：Who’s the boy with big eyes?③help... with... 在某方面幫助某人 如： Can you help me with my English?④play with... 和……一起玩；拿……玩 如：play with me，play with a yoyo1in front of 在……前面 如：There is a tree in front of the classroom.in the front of 在……前部 如：There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.1along 沿著，順著 如：Go along this street.as 作為 如：What would you like as a birthday present?2out of 從……出來；往……之外 如：The dog is running out of the house.2of ……的，屬于…… 如：a map of China ，a map of the world2off 離開，在……之外 如：keep off the grass（勿踏草坪)，get off（下車）2up 向上 如：stand up（起立），pull up carrots（拔胡蘿卜）2down 向下 如：sit down（坐下）， jump up and down（上下跳）第9講 數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目多少。如：at once（立刻，馬上），be good at（擅長(zhǎng)……），look at（看），at home（在家），at school（在學(xué)校）, at weekends（在周末）, at the back of（在……后部）, at night（在夜晚）under 在……下面 如：There is a cat under the table.behind 在……后面 如：There is an umbrella behind the door.near 靠近…… 如：There is a park near my house.beside 在……旁邊 如：The students are standing beside the teacher.next to 緊靠……旁邊 如：The teachers’ office is next to our classroom.before （時(shí)間上）在……之前 如： before class（上課前）after （時(shí)間上）在……之后；依照固定搭配： after class（課后），after school（放學(xué)后），look after（照看），run after（追趕），read after me（跟我讀）1between 在兩者之間 如：There are some trees between Building A and Building B.1by 乘某種交通工具 如：by bus，by plane，by the way（順便說一下）1from ①be from = e from（來自……） 如：Mr Smiths is/es from Australia.②from…to…（從……到……）We go to school from Monday to Friday.1to 到、去…… 如：Let’s go to the zoo. 固定搭配：write to（給xx寫信）1about 關(guān)于；大約如: I want to buy a book about animals. It’s about one kilometer away.1for 為、給…… 如：Here’s a letter for you. What’s for breakfast?固定搭配：look for （尋找），wait for（等候）1with ①與……一起。如：at Spring Festival，at MidAutumn Festival，at Christmas③在較小的地點(diǎn)。如：I can see a lot of apples on the tree. There is a boy in the tree. at①在某個(gè)時(shí)刻前。如： on Children’s Day，on New Year’s Day ④固定搭配。 如：on the desk②用在某一天（上、下午）前。如：in China，in Wuxi，in the playground⑦ 固定搭配。如：in the morning，in the afternoon，in the evening⑤在年、月、季節(jié)前。如：Who’s the man in white?③ in＋語言，用某種語言說。in① 在……里面。. dance beautifully，listen carefully，sit quietly，speak loudly，very happy副詞的