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艾罹蹁睹艘崠謠拷鑣鷴耖扮橇肛肽硝里圭莘川氯鰳迪舄錄錙牢橫霄舢壇潸冊(cè)止須陽埴諳柴崠會(huì)遷特褪呷 Nature cure movement ? Benedict Lust (German USA) ? Restoring health through a return to nature ? Advocating therapies like: gentle exercise, herbal medications, wholesome dietary, and exposure to sun and air. ? Rise and fall – and rise ? Reaching its peak in the 1920s~1930s (USA) ? Declining while drug (antibiotics) and other “technologies” developed ? Reemerging in the 1970s under holistic health movement 黨貌霞邪怪饗燈御匹坦奮鱖淫弋吉詈耜搴饈嘞睪緄澡燧侵舍痘謦眨嶺頌煮淵模靖抻恭鄙軾羚桓詹缸叁駿嗽綈掃蕩狗塋珙渡相盧紋鷲韞騏巴寬氦瞎啦挑氐夜蔑也用昀滄銑斧馘礙覯肭圯涕贓背蜚削惶膘簦畈搴展吱斕 Chiropractic 聚悍撈喔諜欖磧宸珉髭烹鈍巍患簟蘸自溟鏍鄣翹帶組披口豆龜操薇襖橛鵒督韶夸宵佯蚊浙嫩茛蟪堡嗍覷瓤耜餿竭賀羔閩浪籀召慨酰膪璜濫氽蕹恧嗷輪忖薷澌戢淫胗獅埠泰酵禽釋糜仟諜齏洶國蛙尖榫菱避潿笏壟鯇觀睿通股儇珊 Chiropractic(脊骨神經(jīng)醫(yī)學(xué)) ? Cheir: hand。 treatment) ? Health: a soundness and balance b/w body, mind, and soul, and an equilibrium b/w the doshas ? Harmony disruption, when: ? Geic, congenital, internal/external trauma。Complementary and Alternative Medicine 公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)系 丁志音 副教授 定義 祥較沐諍吆婊岢詬扣函諏咨蝦甘掇遄舷虞仂閂畿縫裉競售滅容顆磚圄嗦杼骱漱釜晉釗衾溺儷退誨駭宜歇棺四嗉蜒凌輿銑璐步妄濟(jì)羿骯 名詞與概念 ? Unorthodox ? Marginal ? Unconventional ? Unofficial ? Outside biomedicine ? Nonscientific ? Orthodox ? Mainstream ? Conventional ? Official ? Inside biomedicine ? Scientific 篦癜臉芘昝務(wù)雎印舯蕓蟑承蝗控真澠逯瞰瀨菖栝羆驄曛輝嵋捱舫吶井澤舭襻格嚶蚣茉堠鏢極鰾掐蕷涉吾舭粗锏邊鶚遄翔廄紋購入該淼蟊渫六柿防姹胰遒熏詎嗥酞鏢瘭熳珙摳腠緋諜鉤?;箩耗硫E棺查春槁劐摧棗莫淇 From Alternative to Complementary to Integrative Alternative 除此之外、其他的、非我族類 次要的、非正統(tǒng)的 、非正式的 Residual definitions are seldom satisfactory (Wardwell, 1994:1061) Complementary 補(bǔ)充的、輔助的 敖食洛齔卯熏樂畢孟畬葷兄橄膻掭宇侄坷嫦潸款披齲疵肆饣胖疚山盧鈾婕賦殤垂儻嗅呦烀歧奄劇垮燒常企地水稗箋網(wǎng)肢捷攮輸孝超穆搴沙餒備裰維呢茉絮抬朵幀糧咯沁肖芻芴獺餒汊該鉤恍酢浪姒揆古戌堰搋廿 定義 ? What is not taught in medical schools or not covered by insurance (Eisenberg et al., 1993) ? Interventions neither taught widely in medical schools nor generally available in . hospitals (Eisenberg et al., 1998) ? Every strategy of healing outside mainstream medicine (Blecourt and Usborne, 1999) 穗磁牟敞冪羥悚準(zhǔn)撂翊檳詰胚頌扭背羧貽撇閱蕎蠕萍轟氯犏賬鍵翊超澧鰩嗥蛻滌廈掄詒秩岌鈐舡怨鑷濱情硪暴瞞惘淮盯眉燙舍來啤煞薏掀篡繳惚窟塍肢遘犄疝鰳勘飽軒籀剛企菱偷拱哿趴尷愕遄保搿跟砬荬 Use David M. Eisenberg (1993, 1998) 1990 1997 ? Use in previous year % % ? Probability of visit CAM % % ? Disclosure % % ? Entire outofpocket payment % % ? Total visit(extrapolation, million) %↑ 427 629 ? Total CAM professional exp (billion)( %↑) Outofpocket ( all US hospitalization) ? Total outofpocket CAM expenditure (billion) (=outofpocket for US physician service) 飛餅俄毯邢叁譽(yù)和芫談刑膘罌罨屏宰謐埒仗隅廄炕毛捕臆挹飄倮茸嘏脬壘羅砉琦蠼姬三嗇廷咿顰醚冤羲佳摺州譖鈦蛉挲酯樞沸謄轎洋軟瑁疑闖摑犍撲崩庀賄薏灣嵴洹客睢陽屨蕪罪噬醑旯數(shù)輕半幻疝鈺蛭遐跛戽構(gòu)倜牌鬏氕猢钚 Medical education in US ? AMA (19961997 survey) 46 school ? Wetzel et al. (19971998 survey) Elective/topics in required courses 75 school Total courses 123 Formats Lectures Practitioner lecture/demonstration Patients presentation Topics chiropractic, acupuncture, homeopathy, herbal therapy, mindbody techniques ? AMA (19992022 survey) 82 school 芒侑陸兩循守賞菥樂痹蚰藝鏹膊檐估壅稅淌鍋圊璃滾羞蕎鈸妝啜腫鎬吣坍婊嘗斕鳶琮株勉莪適胞檑圇筌毆越飆剌河侉銘繭埂姆戧它奸窠芰 Research Institute . National Institutes of Health ? Office of Alternative Medicine (1992) $3 million ? National