【正文】 1 What part of speech is each word? 2 Think of another word which could be used in place of the word in the text. Use your dictionary if necessary. Word Part of speech Another word concept (1) associated (1) required (1) modification (2) prompt (3) minimize (3) intervals (5) data (5) suitable (5) upsetting (5) substantial (6) Extending skills n (C) v v n (C/U) adj v n (C) n adj adj adj notion linked needed change speedy/early lessen periods information appropriate distressing significant B Study sentences A–D. 1 Identify the dependent clause. 2 Copy the table under the sentences and write the parts of each dependent clause in the table. 3 Rewrite the sentence using an active construction. Example: A GPs have to consider two key aspects. Extending skills 1 Identify the dependent clause. 2 Copy the table under the sentences and write the parts of each dependent clause in the table. Extending skills Main clause Linking word Dependent clause Subject Verb By whom/what A There are two key aspects which B Care needs to be taken when C There are many diseases which D Governments have yet to realize that (key aspects) which screening programme (many diseases) which prevention have to be considered deciding on a are caused needs to be prioritized by GPs by general practitioners by three harmful behaviours by them (governments) B Study sentences A–D. 3 Rewrite the sentence using an active construction. Example: A GPs have to consider two key aspects. Extending skills B Study sentences A–D. A GPs have to consider two key aspects. B General practitioners need to take care when deciding on a screening programme. C Three harmful behaviours cause many diseases. D Governments have yet to realize that they need to prioritize preventative medicine. C Read the essay plans and extracts on the opposite page. Extending skills 1 Match each plan with an essay title in Lesson . Plan A = essay title A: What are the advantages and disadvantages of screening for diseases in primary care? Plan B = essay title D: What aspects of prevention need to be considered by GPs? Describe what is involved in each. 2 Which essay is each extract from? Extract 1 = plan B Extract 2 = plan A 3 Which part of the plan is each extract from? Extract 1 = Plan B, point 2: definition of prevention Extract 2 = Plan A, point 5: disadvantages: false positives, expensive D Work with a partner. Extending skills 1 Write another paragraph for one of the plans. 2 Exchange paragraphs with another pair. Can they identify where it es from? A Make plete sentences from these notes. Add words as necessary. Extending skills A There are reasons why screening is not effective for all diseases. B In conclusion therefore, care needs to be taken in deciding which diseases to screen for. C By identifying a disease at an early stage, it is much easier to treat or cure. A Make plete sentences from these notes. Add words as necessary. Extending skills F Screening delivers considerable benefits in minimizing the effects of disease. D Screening involves carrying out tests for a specific condition at regular intervals. E Examples where screening is useful include cervical cancer, breast cancer and heart conditions. B The sentences in Exercise A are topic sentences for paragraphs in essay A in Lesson . Put them in the best order for the essay. What is the main topic for each paragraph? Extending skills Topic sentences Paragraph topic F Screening delivers considerable benefits in minimizing the effects of disease. D Screening involves carrying out tests for a specific condition at regular intervals. C By identifying a disease at an early stage, it is much easier to treat or cure. E Examples where screening is useful include cervical cancer, breast cancer and heart conditions. A There are reasons why screening is not effective for all diseases. B In conclusion therefore, care needs to be taken in deciding which diseases to screen for. introduction definition advantages examples disadvantages conclusion C Look at the essay question on the right. Extending skills 1 What kind of essay is this? 2 Do some research and make an essay plan. 3 Write the essay. See Skills bank. Skills bank Choosing the correct writing plan When you are given a written assignment, you must decide on the best writing plan before you begin to write the outline. Use key words in the essay title to help you choose – see Vocabulary bank. Type of essay – content Possible structure Descriptive writing List the most important points of something: ., in a narrative, a list of key events in chronological order。 usually also evaluate, ., say which is better/bigger, etc. 2 Match each essay type with one of the questions below the slide (A–D). 3 What topics should be covered in each essay question? B Look at the four essay types on the right. Reading Type of writing Question Topics Descriptive writing Analytical writing D What aspects of prevention need to be considered by GPs? Describe what is involved in each. ? prevention: what is it? Why important? ? description of different aspects of prevention ? description of details of each aspect C Explain why targeting three key behaviours is so important for the developed world. ? what are the three key behaviours? ? how can they be tackled? ? what is the effect of tackling them? 2 Match each essay