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畢業(yè)論文-包頭景苑小區(qū)高層地下室大體積混凝土施工技術(shù)-文庫(kù)吧資料

2025-01-18 10:43本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 oods has weakened,‖ said the president of China Guardian’s Hu Yanyan. Besides, the entry of new buyers also makes certain changes to the direction of purchasing. In a word, the overall market trend is very unpredictable. Although China Guardian 2022 Spring Auctions has achieved remarkable results, it does not mean that the market has walked out of the predicament. We still have to wait for the big economic boom to invigorate the art market.‖ Even so, the hot pursuit of some special items appeared this spring. A special session of China Guardian Spring Auctions titled ―Fine Gilt—Bronze Buddhist Images‖ achieved a great deal with total sales volume of million yuan and 92 percent sale rate. The 5th Shamar Rinpoche Statue from 1617th century of Tibet was sold for million yuan. The Beijing Chengxuan Auctions featured almost 2,800 items of coins and stamps in three sessions with good sale rate. The Huachen Auctions also set a special session of photographs under the condition of largescale decline of auction sessions. There was a palpable dull thud of disappointment that acpanied the return of the imperial entourage of Zhen Huan to her homeland. It followed a couple years of hushed excitement as Chinese fans were fed tidbits about their proud concubine who was supposed to conquer the high ground of the North American market. Zhen Huan is, of course, the title character of The Legend of Zhen Huan, a 2022 television series that swept China off its feet and later took other Asian countries by storm. Two years ago, it was reported that HBO, a premium cable service headquartered in the United States, was going to air it in North America after some modification. Now, a condensed version that provides English subtitles but no dubbing has finally been made available on Netflix for online streaming. This version, highly anticipated as a milestone in China39。s Poly Theater. Their show, titled Ulan Muqir on the Grassland, depicted the history and development of the art troupe. Being from the region allowed me to embrace the culture of Inner Mongolia and being a member of the troupe showed me where I belonged, Nasun, the art troupe39。s performers of the troupe still tour the region39。t have a formal stage. The audience just sat on the grass. Usually, the performances became a big party with local people joining in. For him, the rewarding part about touring isn39。80s. We sat on the back of pickup trucks for hours. The sky was blue, and we couldn39。s Shaanxi province pass through a stop on the ancient Silk Road, Gansu39。 13 在今后大體積混凝土施工過(guò)程中,只要采取切實(shí)可行的施工措施,保證混凝土內(nèi)表溫差及降溫速度在允許范圍之內(nèi),完全可以避免大體積混凝土溫度裂縫的產(chǎn)生。通過(guò)測(cè)溫結(jié)果,冷卻水管對(duì)砼內(nèi)部的降溫控制起到了很好的效果 ,混凝土中心最高溫度值為 48℃(< ℃),內(nèi)表溫差控制在 25℃以內(nèi)。本文通過(guò)對(duì)大體積混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)裂縫的分析,找出導(dǎo)致裂縫的主要原因是由于水泥水化熱升高使混凝土溫度變化產(chǎn)生的溫度應(yīng)力造成大體積混凝土產(chǎn)生裂縫。 結(jié)束語(yǔ) 大體積混凝土的施工技術(shù),涉及到經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)、管理、施工等諸多方面。 施工工藝及其他措施 12 減少水泥用量,采用 級(jí)水泥,用量控制在 310kg 以內(nèi)。 防止大體積混凝土裂縫的主要施工措施 嚴(yán)格控制內(nèi)外溫差 嚴(yán)格控制內(nèi)外溫差加強(qiáng)養(yǎng)護(hù)、防止產(chǎn)生貫穿性裂縫和有害裂縫,采取混凝土表面所保溫覆蓋材料厚度。澆筑溫度和外界氣溫有著直接關(guān)系,外界溫度愈高,混凝土澆筑溫度也愈高;如外界溫度下降,會(huì) 增加混凝土溫度梯度,特別是氣溫聚降,會(huì)大大增加外層混凝土與內(nèi)部混凝土的溫度梯度,因而會(huì)造成大溫差和溫度應(yīng)力,使大體積混凝土出現(xiàn)裂縫。在混凝土硬化初期主要是碳化過(guò)程收縮,澆筑后的混凝土,在空氣中的二氧化碳與中泥中的鈣起化學(xué)反應(yīng),生成的碳酸鈣,放出的結(jié)合水使混凝土產(chǎn)生收縮,后期主要是內(nèi)部自由水分蒸發(fā)而引起的干縮變形,而表面的干燥收縮快,中以干燥收縮慢,表面的干燥收縮受到中心部位的約束,因而在表面產(chǎn)生的拉應(yīng)力而出現(xiàn)裂縫。 混凝土的收縮裂縫 11 混凝土在空氣中硬結(jié)時(shí)體積會(huì)減壓少而收縮,混凝土在不受外力影響情況下產(chǎn)生自發(fā)變形,受到外部約束時(shí),將在混凝土中產(chǎn)生拉應(yīng)力,使得混凝土開裂。 混凝土勻質(zhì)性檢測(cè) 為確定混凝土內(nèi)部是否存在質(zhì)量缺陷和混凝土骨料分布勻質(zhì)性,在底板不同部位隨機(jī)抽取 3 個(gè)點(diǎn),對(duì)樣本進(jìn)行觀測(cè),結(jié)果:混凝土芯樣完整,且表面光滑,粗細(xì)骨料分布均勻,級(jí)配合理,混凝土表觀質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)良。測(cè)溫記錄本掛在施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng),以便現(xiàn)場(chǎng)管理人員隨時(shí)進(jìn)行檢查。使用普通溫度計(jì)測(cè)溫:測(cè)溫管端部用軟木封堵,只許在放置或取出溫度計(jì)時(shí)打開,溫度計(jì)應(yīng)系線繩垂吊到管底,停留時(shí)間不少于 3min,取出迅速查看溫度。 根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)具體情況,測(cè)溫點(diǎn)在整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)施工區(qū)每個(gè)應(yīng)力較集中的部位布置三個(gè)點(diǎn)。 如上述指標(biāo)偏離時(shí),及時(shí)調(diào)整保溫覆蓋材料層數(shù)來(lái)減小溫差。 砼溫度監(jiān)測(cè) 在砼強(qiáng)度增長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中實(shí)測(cè)溫度應(yīng)符合如下要求: 保溫覆蓋層的拆除分層逐步進(jìn)行,保溫養(yǎng)護(hù)過(guò)程中,保持混凝土表面的濕潤(rùn)。 設(shè)專門班組進(jìn)行保溫保濕養(yǎng)護(hù),并注意灑水淋濕麻袋即可。 在混凝土表面采取塑料薄膜與麻袋相同覆 蓋的辦法,即 2 層塑料薄膜, 2 層麻袋,四周外模覆蓋 1 層塑料薄膜、 1 層麻袋。 混凝土保溫養(yǎng)護(hù) 保溫養(yǎng)護(hù)是大體積混凝土施工的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。 泌水處理 在墊層施工時(shí),預(yù)先在橫向上做一定的坡度,使大部分泌水順墊層坡度流到周邊排水溝,少量來(lái)不及排除的泌水隨著混凝土澆筑向前推進(jìn)補(bǔ)補(bǔ)趕到基坑 頂端,再由頂端模板下部的預(yù)留孔排至周邊排水溝。無(wú)論鋼模 、木模在模板拆除后,都應(yīng)根據(jù)大體積混凝土澆筑塊體內(nèi)部實(shí)際的溫度場(chǎng)情況,按溫控指標(biāo)的要求采取必要的保溫措施。大體積混凝土施工時(shí),主要采用鋼模和本模。否則,易使大體積混凝土產(chǎn)生裂縫。 具有保溫性能良好的材料可以用于混凝土的保溫養(yǎng)護(hù)中。塑料薄膜、草袋鋸末等可作為保溫材料覆蓋混凝土和模板,在寒冷季節(jié)可搭設(shè)擋風(fēng)保溫棚?;炷翝仓?4~ 6,b時(shí)內(nèi)可能在表面上出現(xiàn)塑性裂縫,可采取二次壓光或二次澆灌層處理。同時(shí),在養(yǎng)護(hù)過(guò)程中保持良好濕度和防風(fēng)條件,使混凝土在良好的環(huán)境下養(yǎng)護(hù),施工人員應(yīng)根據(jù)事先確定的溫控指標(biāo)的要求,來(lái)確定大體積混凝土澆 8 筑后的養(yǎng)護(hù)措施。保溫養(yǎng)護(hù)是大體積混凝土旌工的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。在每次混凝土澆筑完畢 后,應(yīng)及時(shí)按溫控技術(shù)措施的要求進(jìn)行保溫養(yǎng)護(hù),并應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定: 保溫養(yǎng)護(hù)措施,應(yīng)使混凝土澆筑塊體的內(nèi)外溫差及降溫速度滿
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