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have lived here since I was born.. 注意:并非有 for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時。ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌 。ve (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 11 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 1) It is the first / second time…. that… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時。) He has been in the League for three years. (在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù) ) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團, joined為短暫行為。) I have seen this film. (強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。 一般過去時的時間狀語 : yesterday, last week, …ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語 : this morning, tonight, this April, now, once, before, already, recently, lately 現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不確定的時間狀語 3)現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),動詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如 live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有 e, go, leave, start, die, finish, bee, get married等。 I have worked here for five years. 10 比較過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時 1)過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調(diào)動作;現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的,強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響,強調(diào)的是影響。 I have never been to Beijing. 3)動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去 但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 1)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài),其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系 ,常與 just, already, yet, recently, lately等連用。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去 但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 I39。 Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 8 用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來 意為: 意圖 、 打算 、 安排 、常用于人。 When Bill es (不是 will e), ask him to wait for me. I39。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排 ) I39。 6. be to和 be going to be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式,意為馬上做某事。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 計劃,安排要發(fā)生的事。 I shall go there tomorrow. He will be eighteen next year. 2) be going to +不定式,表示將來。 He is used to getting up at six. Jack is used to taking a walk.(現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步 ) sth. be used to do sth. else 被用來做 Woo