【正文】 lackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal breeding grounds for the locust, which lays its eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A goodsize swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a single night. All ﹩ 150 million may be needed this year. The . has provided two spraying planes and about 50,000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated ﹩ million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemicalspraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides, which quickly lose their deadly punch and require frequent replications. The most effective locust killer dieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More then 5 million acres have been dusted with locustkilling chemicals。 they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life. They live an die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly petitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of selfrespect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again – by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one‘s fellow – petitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the preidustrial mode of production or to nieenthcentury ―free enterprise ― capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system form a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities – those of all love and of reason – are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. ― a welloiled cog in the machinery ― the author intends to deliver the idea that man is ____. necessary part of the society though each individual‘s function is negligible in plete harmony with the rest of the society unimportant part in parison with the rest of the society humble ponent of the society, especially when working smoothly real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ____. are likely to lose their hobs have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence are deprived of their individuality and independence the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those _____. are at the bottom of the society are higher up in their social status prove better than their fellow – petitors could dip far away from this petitive world solve the present social problems the author puts foruard a suggestion that we should ______. to the production mode of our ancestors higher wages to the workers and employees man to fully develop his potentialities the fundamental realities for granted author‘s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of ______. 第 23篇答案： CDDCB 第 24篇： (Unit 6,Passage 4) Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution, which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past human race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity has changed this. Either man will abolish war, or war will abolish man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in killing people, but by arbitration in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted. There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a big error. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements that are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. Their adherents believe in them so fanatically that they are willing to go to war in support of them. The movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can wele. It has bee a monplace that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in wh