【正文】 er of ActionMappings. (If you have not noticed it, classes that end with s are containers) The ActionMapping contains the knowledge of how a specific event maps to specific Actions. The ActionServlet (Command) passes the ActionMapping to the Action class via the perform() method. This allows Action to access the information to control flow. ActionMappings ActionMappings is a collection of ActionMapping objects. Struts pros ? Use of JSP tag mechanism The tag feature promotes reusable code and abstracts Java code from the JSP file. This feature allows nice integration into JSPbased development tools that allow authoring with tags. ? Tag library Why reinvent the wheel, or a tag library? If you cannot find something you need in the library, contribute. In addition, Struts provides a starting point if you are learning JSP tag technology. ? Open source You have all the advantages of open source, such as being able to see the code and having everyone else using the library reviewing the code. Many eyes make for great code review. ? Sample MVC implementation Struts offers some insight if you want to create your own MVC implementation. ? Manage the problem space Divide and conquer is a nice way of solving the problem and making the problem manageable. Of course, the sword cuts both ways. The problem is more plex and needs more management. Struts cons ? Youth Struts development is still in preliminary form. They are working toward releasing a version , but as with any version, it does not provide all the bells and whistles. ? Change The framework is undergoing a rapid amount of change. A great deal of change has occurred between Struts and . You may want to download the most current Struts nightly distributions, to avoid deprecated methods. In the last 6 months, I have seen the Struts library grow from 90K to over 270K. I had to modify my examples several times because of changes in Struts, and I am not going to guarantee my examples will work with the version of Struts you download. ? Correct level of abstraction Does Struts provide the correct level of abstraction? What is the proper level of abstraction for the page designer? That is the $64K question. Should we allow a page designer access to Java code in page development? Some frameworks like Velocity say no, and provide yet another language to learn for Web development. There is some validity to limiting Java code access in UI development. Most importantly, give a page designer a little bit of Java, and he will use a lot of Java. I saw this happen all the time in Microsoft ASP development. In ASP development, you were supposed to create COM objects and then write a little ASP script to glue it all together. Instead, the ASP developers would go crazy with ASP script. I would hear Why wait for a COM developer to create it when I can program it directly with VBScript? Struts helps limit the amount of Java code required in a JSP file via tag libraries. One such library is the Logic Tag, which manages conditional generation of output, but this does not prevent the UI developer from going nuts with Java code. Whatever type of framework you decide to use, you should understand the environment in which you are deploying and maintaining the framework. Of course, this task is easier said than done. ? Limited scope Struts is a Webbased MVC solution that is meant be implemented with HTML, JSP files, and servlets. ? J2EE application support Struts requires a servlet container that supports JSP and Servlet specifications. This alone will not solve all your install issues, unless you are using Tomcat . ? Complexity Separating the problem into parts introduces plexity. There is no question that some education will have to go on to understand Struts. With the constant changes occurring, this can be frustrating at times. Future of Struts Things change rapidly in this new age of software development. In less than 5 years, we have seen things go from cgi/perl, to ISAPI/NSAPI, to ASP with VB, and now Java and J2EE. Sun is working hard to adapt changes to the JSP/servlet architecture, just as they have in the past with the Java language and API. You can obtain drafts of the new JSP and Servlet specifications from the Sun Web site. Additionally, a standard tag library for JSP files is appearing. Struts—— MVC 的一種開放源碼實現(xiàn) 本文介紹 Struts ，它是使用 servlet 和 JavaServer Pages 技術(shù)的一種 ModelViewController 實現(xiàn)。t able to have direct involvement in page de