【正文】 ng language, you can do as much work as possible on the client before and after making requests of the server. For example, you won’t need to send a request form across the Inter to discover that you’ve gotten a date or some other parameter wrong, and your client puter can quickly do the work of plotting data instead of waiting for the server to make a plot and ship a graphic image back to you. Not only do you get the immediate win of speed and responsiveness, but the general work traffic and load on servers can be reduced, preventing the entire Inter from slowing down. One advantage a Java applet has over a scripted program is that it’s in piled form, so the source code isn’t available to the client. On the other hand, a Java applet can be depiled without too much trouble, but hiding your code is often not an important issue. Two other factors can be important. As you will see later in this book, a piled Java applet can prise many modules and take multiple server “hits” (accesses) to download. (In Java and higher this is minimized by Java archives, called JAR files, that allow all the required modules to be packaged together and pressed for a single download.) A scripted program will just be integrated into the Web page as part of its text (and will generally be smaller and reduce server hits). This could be important to the responsiveness of your Web site. Another factor is the allimportant learning curve. Regardless of what you’ve heard, Java is not a trivial language to learn. If you’re a Visual Basic programmer, moving to VBScript will be your fastest solution, and since it will probably solve most typical client/server problems you might be hard pressed to justify learning Java. If you’re experienced with a scripting language you will certainly benefit from looking at JavaScript or VBScript before mitting to Java, since they might fit your needs handily and you’ll be more productive run its applets withi To some degree, the petitor to Java is Microsoft’s ActiveX, although it takes a pletely different approach. ActiveX was originally a Windowsonly solution, although it is now being developed via an independent consortium to bee crossplatform. Effectively, ActiveX says “if your program connects to its environment just so, it can be dropped into a Web page and run under a browser that supports ActiveX.” (IE directly supports ActiveX and Netscape does so using a plugin.) Thus, ActiveX does not constrain you to a particular language. If, for example, you’re already an experienced Windows programmer using a language such as C++, Visual Basic, or Borland’s Delphi, you can create ActiveX ponents with almost no changes to your programming knowledge. ActiveX also provides a path for the use of legacy code in your Web pages. Automatically downloading and running programs across the Inter can sound like a virusbuilder’s dream. ActiveX especially brings up the thorny issue of security in clientside programming. If you click on a Web site, you might automatically download any number of things along with the HTML page: GIF files, script code, piled Java code, and ActiveX ponents. Some of these are benign。 the server starts a CGI program that discovers an error, formats an HTML page informing you of the error, and then sends the page back to you。 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文資料翻譯 （譯文） 題目名稱： Java and the Inter 學(xué) 院 ： 計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù) 專業(yè)年級 ： 計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)（ 師 ） 08 級 學(xué)生姓名 ： aaa 班級學(xué)號 ： a 班 a 號 指導(dǎo)教師 ： aaa 二○ 一一 年 五 月 十 三 日 譯文題目： Java 和因特網(wǎng) 原文題目： Java and the Inter 原文出處： Java and the Inter If Java is, in fact, yet another puter programming language, you may question why it is so important and why it is being promoted as a revolutionary step in puter programming. The answer isn’t immediately obvious if you’re ing from a traditional programming perspective. Although Java is very useful for solving traditional standalone programming problems, it is also important because it will solve programming problems on the World Wide Web. 1. Clientside programming The Web’s initial serverbrowser design provided for interactive content, but the interactivity was pletely provided by the server. The server produced static pages for the client browser, which would simply interpret and display them. Basic HTML contains simple mechanisms for data gathering: textentry boxes, check boxes, radio boxes, lists and dropdown lists, as well as a button that can only be programmed to reset the data on the form or “submit” the data on the form back to the server. This submission passes through the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) provided on all Web servers. The text within the submission tells CGI what to do with it. The most mon action is to run a program located on the server in a directory that’s typically called “cgibin.” (If you watch the address window at the top of your browser when you push a button on a Web page, you can sometimes see “cgibin” within all the gobbledygook there.) These programs can be written in most languages. Perl is a mon choice because it is designed for text manipulation and is interpreted, so it can be installed on any server regardless of processor or operating system. Many powerful Web sites today are built strictly on CGI, and