【正文】 res. mented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.According to a team of researchers, an animal39。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 （4）考查主旨大意。亞歷山大，一個(gè)出身于186年的澳大利亞演員，在年輕的時(shí)候聲音出了問(wèn)題。 （3）考查推理判斷。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they39。People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹亞歷山大技巧的對(duì)于矯正身體的作用以及其發(fā)明者。Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C.He had to leave home to develop his technique.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.He was eager to make a name for himself.C.t be done with much effort.（3）What can we learn about Frederick Alexander? A.t be attempted alone.D.t be bined with other exercises.C.t be pletely relieved.B.She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.（2）What is the principle of the Alexander technique? A.She was sceptical about the doctor39。She felt no better after the treatment.B. So if you39。 The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines.ll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, You actually have bad posture (姿勢(shì)). Go off and learn the Alexander technique. Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better. Until earlier this year, I didn39。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。d rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.”可知任何一種語(yǔ)言的誕生都必須同時(shí)具備思想和飲食這兩種因素的影響。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第三段中的“The argument goes that famers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers.”可知農(nóng)民比狩獵采集者吃更多的熟食和奶制品，即農(nóng)民們發(fā)f和v音的原因是他們喜歡吃更多的熟食。故選D。根據(jù)第二段中的“New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet.”可知某些聲音在世界范圍內(nèi)的任意分布，部分可以用飲食來(lái)解釋。根據(jù)第一段中的“By the age of one, they can recognize the significant noises around them and group them into a language.”可知一歲的嬰兒和成人相比更能識(shí)別出周圍的重要聲音，故選D。同時(shí)這也強(qiáng)調(diào)了人類特有的一切都是物質(zhì)和精神的結(jié)合:語(yǔ)言必須把聲音和意義結(jié)合起來(lái)，沒(méi)有真實(shí)的物體，意義就不可能存在或傳播。language consists of sound and meaning【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，人們一直以來(lái)認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言是思想的產(chǎn)物，但是有新的研究表明飲食對(duì)于語(yǔ)言也會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些影響。food determines our thoughtC.. A.constantly chewing harder foodsD.enjoying more cooked foodsB. making sounds of f and v is D.C.B.distinguish meaningful sounds（2）According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language? A.classify the forms of noisesC.. A. Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must bine sound and meaning, and the meaning can39。 Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齒音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (輔音) are much more mon. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f e to take the place of p. Romans said pater but English speakers (unless they39。d rather think of language as product of our thought Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it bees enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noises－the phonemes (音素) of a language－each cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other languages. 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。C項(xiàng)幽默風(fēng)趣，能吸引讀者的注意，并切中文章的主題。 （5）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.”研究表明你的伴侶對(duì)你的生活方式有很大的影響,那些試圖過(guò)上健康生活的人應(yīng)該考慮到這一因素。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.”晚上一起吃飯對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)特別重要，可知選C。故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“which may please their partner”可知，男女雙方會(huì)改變自己的飲食習(xí)慣來(lái)迎合對(duì)方，因此男士會(huì)吃他的女伴喜歡吃的食物。Dr. Amelia Lake and his study【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，紐卡斯?fàn)柎髮W(xué)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)專家的研究表明，同居讓女人發(fā)胖讓男人更健康。Which are better dietary habits?C.t be silly any more, women!longterm health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner（5）What would be the best title for the passage? A.more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most householdsC.women should pay more attention to their partner39。eating together in the evening