unit4pygmalionperiod2learningaboutlanguagesinglanguage同步精練人教版選修8(參考版)
2024-12-13 11:10本頁面
【正文】 第四段應該承接的是第三段的內容，根據(jù)第三段第一句前半部分中的內容可推測 A項與文章結構最吻合。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句可知心理學家主要是通過觀察人們的行為對大腦進行研究。 答案 C 7． According to the passage, psychologists study the brain mainly________. A． in a direct way B． with their own experience C． by observing how it works D． by watching people39。 答案 B 6． From Paragraph 2， we can know that problems arise because________. A． of the difference between inside information and the facts B． of different thoughts and feelings about psychology C． people usually make judgments based on their own ideas D． amateur psychologists cannot use scientific terms 解析 推理判斷題。 5． The first paragraph is mainly about________. A． the founder of modem psychology B． the definition of psychology C． the plexity of psychology D． the influence of psychology 解析 主旨大意題。 答案 B B In 1890 William James, the American philosopher and physician and one of the founders of modern psychology, defined psychology as “the science of mental life” and this definition provides a good starting point for our understanding even today. We all have a mental life and therefore have some idea about what this means, even though it can be studied in rats or monkeys as well as in people and the concept remains difficult to understand. Like most psychologists, William James was particularly interested in human psychology, which he thought consisted of certain basic elements: thoughts and feelings, a physical world which exists in time and space, and a way of knowing about these things. For each of us, this knowledge is primarily personal and private. It es from our own thoughts, feelings and experience of the world, and may or may not be influenced by scientific facts about things. For this reason, it is easy for us to make judgments about psycho1ogical matters using our own experience as a standard. We behave as amateur psychologists when we offer opinions on plex psychological phenomena. However, problems arise when two people understand these things differently. Formal psychology attempts to provide methods for deciding which explanations are most likely to be correct, or for determining the circumstances under which each applies. The work of psychologists helps us distinguish between inside information, which is subjective, and may be prejudiced and unreliable, and the facts: between our predictions and what is “true” in scientific terms. Psychology, as defined by William James, is about the mind or brain, but although psychologists do study the brain, we do not understand nearly enough about its workings to he able to prehend the part that it plays in the experience and expression of our hopes, fears, and wi
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