【正文】 如：The car was not damaged badly in the accident, but five people were ser。它可用于表示損壞或破壞具體的物品，一般暗示損壞后價值或效益會降低，這種損壞是部分性的，通常指損壞的程度不那么嚴重，還可以修復再用。ruin這三個詞都有“破壞；損壞”的意思，區(qū)別如下：216。）5damage。habit為常用詞，多指個人因多次重復而形成做某事的趨勢或意愿。如：What’s your present address?（你現(xiàn)住址是哪里？）5custom, habit 均可表習慣。current強調(diào)在現(xiàn)階段正在流行，通用，但不一定是最新的。）cure表示治好，treat只表示“給……治病”。）50、cure, treat cure治愈，醫(yī)治。）crash摔壞，墜毀。比較：Electricity will cost more than it did last will take me two days to finish the the past few years the factory spent a lot of money improving its working ’s uncle has to pay for his education as his father has e down in the 、crack, crash crack（使）破裂，砸開。pay(vt.amp。spend(vt.)花費：指花費時間和金錢，主語總是人。take(vt.)花費：指花費時間。如：Everything in the universe undergoes continuous development and 、cost/take/spend/paycost(vt.)花費：指花費金錢、勞力和時間。如：He attributes his health to his constant ，不停的，時斷時續(xù)，中間可有間歇。）4consistent, constant, continual, continuous consistent一致的，符合的。）considerate 考慮周到的，體諒的。）4considerable, considerate considerable相當多的，可觀的。）constitute為正式用詞，與consist相反，表由哪些部分構(gòu)成整體。）consist表一個整體由幾個部分組成（只能用主動語態(tài)）。4pose, consist, constitute pose為常用詞，常用被動語態(tài)，如用主動語態(tài)，主語應用復數(shù)形式。如：Compared to／with him，you are lucky．與他相比，你是幸運的。216。如：Living here can’t pare with living in Shanghai．在這兒生活不能和在上海（生活）相比。 pare既可以單獨用作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞。如：This song pares our country to a big family．這首歌把我們的國家比作一個大家庭。216。 pare…with意為“把……與……相比”，側(cè)重指兩者間的區(qū)別。par…to。如：I need three yards of cloth to make a （總稱）。如：It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so 。如：The flags are hung out on the occasion of the National Day.（每逢國慶節(jié)，國旗都懸持出來了。如：You should make the most of your opportunities of seeing the country and learning the language.（你應該盡量利用你的機會去看看這個國家，學習它的語言。如：Even so, it was a lucky chance that he could do it.（即使如此，那也是他憑著僥幸才做到這點。該動詞不含方向意味。take(vt.)取走：表示將某物從講話者處帶走fetch(vt.)去?。罕硎镜侥车貙⒛澄锘蚰橙四玫街v話者處。如：Can I borrow your pen for a moment? lend把……借給。He was known to have invented many things．＝It was known that he had invented many things． 人們都知道他已經(jīng)發(fā)明了很多東西?！埃ㄈ藗兌迹┲馈保浜蠼觿釉~原形。216。如：Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers．桂林因其美麗的山水而聞名。216。如：Liu Huan is known as a singer．劉歡作為一個歌手而出名。3be known as； be known for； be known to；be known in216。 用在否定句中，三者可以互換。This window is never opened except in summer． 除了在夏天，這個窗子從不打開。 except后接名詞、代詞、－ing或不定式時，可以與but互換；except后接副詞、介詞短語時，一般不能為but所替換。All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong． 除了吳東看過那部影片外，他們也都看過了。用于肯定句中時，except／but意為“除……外（不再有）”；besides意為“除……外（還有）”。如：I have two other umbrellas besides this 、besides；except；but216。）3beside, besides beside在……旁邊。Win作及物動詞時，其賓語為游戲、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎金等名詞。如：There must be nobody in the classroom，for the light is off． 教室里一定沒有人，因為燈滅了。216。Since everyone is here，let39。 as與since引導的從句多置于句首，不過as表示十分明顯的原因，只說明一般的因果關(guān)系，可譯為“因為、由于”；而since則表示稍加分析、對方已知的原因，一般可譯為“既然”。如：We stayed at home because it rained．因為下雨我們呆在家里。在語氣上由強至弱依次為because→since→as→for。3because／since／as／for 216。award意為“授予（獎品，獎金等）”，后面可跟雙賓語；reward意為“報酬”，“酬謝”，只能跟人或以人的行為作賓語。如：I await your further “等”、“等候”，是不及物動詞，后常接介詞for。waken多用作及物動詞，常指“吵醒”，“驚醒”。awake既可及物，也可不及物，多用于比喻。Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time．這些藥每天服三次，每次服三粒。例如：Don’t speak all at once．One at a time, please． 不要同時一起說。 at a time則意為“一次”，表示一個時間單位。例如：They used to be good friends at one time． 他們曾經(jīng)是好朋友。例如：In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and Sichuan．At that time(＝At the 17th century)the land along the Changjiang River was being very crowded．216。 at that time 則通常指前文明確提到的某個時期、時候。這時，它表示“在（某事態(tài)）發(fā)生的時候”或“在……的時代”。例如：Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time． 當時，許多人都看到了這件奇怪的事情的發(fā)生。at a time216。at that time。例如： In the beginning，some of us took no interest in physics． 起初我們有些人對物理不感興趣。216。常與of連用。例如： He assured me that it was can’t ensure you a good house is insured against fire．2at the beginning；in the beginning 216。ensure的意思是“保證”，后面可以接雙賓語，也可以接that從句。He will not tell the secret though he knows it．他雖然知道這個秘密，但他不會說出來。though引導的句子所說的是事實，even though引導的句子所說的則不一定是事實。 even though（＝even if），意為“即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。It looks as if（as though）it is going to rain．看起來好像要下雨。 as though（＝as if），意為“好像；似乎”，引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go． 就中國的旅游業(yè)而言，需要做的工作還很多。如： As far as I know, more than 10 million laidoff workers have found their new jobs．就我所知，一千多萬下崗工人已經(jīng)找到了新的工作。as(so)long as216。arouse的意思是“引起，導致”。2arise/rise/raise/ arouse arise是一個不及物動詞，意思是“起源于（和from連用）和“出現(xiàn)”。如：The minister approved the building 。如：I don’t approve of wasting time.（我不贊成浪費時間。）另外，respond還可表“對……反應”，“響應”。）respond作“回答”解，用得較少，也同to 搭配。reply較正式，一般只作不及物動詞，可與to連用。如：It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a 、answer, reply, respond 用作動詞，都可表“回答”，“答復”。2among, between among 在……中間（三者或三者以上之間）。因此可以說even though“即使”以及as though“好像(＝as if)”，不能說even although或as although。216。例如：They said they would e。216。注意：如果表語是單數(shù)名詞，要省略a。though也可這么用。216。although與though?？苫Q。它們的用法有如下幾點值得注意：216。as三者均可表示“盡管；雖然”，引導讓步狀語從句。）although。）all together 全都在一起。）1altogether, all together altogether總計，總共。）alone, only均可表“只有”，但alone須置于被修飾詞之后，only往往置于被修飾詞前。）1alone, lonely alone只表“獨自”的客觀狀態(tài)，沒有感情色彩，只作表語；lonely表“孤獨”，：“寂寞”，能作定語和表語。）almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 連用，而nearly卻不能。在all, every, always 前，兩者都可用。live只做前置定語，用于動物和個別事物前。1alive, living, live alive 指雖有死的可能，但仍活著，一般只作表語。例如：He agreed with my opinions． 他同意了我的意見。例如： They have a greed to our plan．他們已同意我們的計劃。例如：My father agreed to buy a new pen for me． 父親答應給我買支新鋼筆。例如：The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month．上月，就建一座新汽車廠之事達成了協(xié)議。He told me that he had seen the film 。before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時連用，可以單獨使用。provide 和supply意思相同，兩個詞都和with連用，構(gòu)成provide /supply somebody with something的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Government policy will not have any effect on 、afford, provide, supply都有“提供，供給”的意思。）1affect, effect affect影響（動詞）。如Did you make any profit last year?（你去年賺錢了嗎？）benefit 指物質(zhì)利益或精神方面的好處。如：He had the advantage of good education.（受過良好的教育對他十分有利。）adop